BOOKS - History of Modern Cremation in Romania
History of Modern Cremation in Romania - Marius Rotar January 1, 2013 PDF  BOOKS
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History of Modern Cremation in Romania
Author: Marius Rotar
Year: January 1, 2013
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 3.2 MB
Language: English



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History of Modern Cremation in Romania: A Study of Technological Evolution and Personal Paradigms Introduction Cremation, as a means of managing the postmortem body, was reintroduced to Europe at the end of the eighteenth century, but it would not become a common practice until the second half of the nineteenth century. This development had multifaceted implications that generated heated debate, with proponents of modern cremation, who tended to come from the social and cultural elite, seeking to impose their new model. The present study is a history of cremation in Romania, beginning with the emergence of cremationist ideas in 1867 and taking the reader up to the present day. It analyzes the following key periods: the second half of the nineteenth century and early twentieth century, the Interwar period, the Communist period, and the post-Communist period. Emergence of Cremationism in Romania (1867-1914) The idea of cremation was first introduced to Romania in 1867, when a group of intellectuals, inspired by Western European models, began advocating for its adoption. These proponents argued that cremation was a hygienic and economical solution for managing the dead, as well as a means of asserting individual freedom and conscience.
History of Modern Cremation in Romania: A Study of Technological Evolution and Personal Paradigms Introduction Cremation, as a measure of managing the postmortem body, was reinintroduced to Europe in the end of 18th century, but it will not become an common practice until the second half. Это развитие имело многогранные последствия, которые вызвали горячие дебаты, с сторонниками современной кремации, которые, как правило, происходили из социальной и культурной элиты, стремясь навязать свою новую модель. Настоящее исследование - это история кремации в Румынии, начиная с появления кремационистских идей в 1867 году и вплоть до наших дней. В ней анализируются следующие ключевые периоды: вторая половина девятнадцатого века и начало двадцатого века, межвоенный период, коммунистический период и посткоммунистический период. Идея кремации впервые появилась в Румынии в 1867-1914 году, когда группа интеллектуалов, вдохновлённая западноевропейскими образцами, начала выступать за её 1867. Эти сторонники утверждали, что кремация была гигиеническим и экономичным решением для управления умершими, а также средством утверждения индивидуальной свободы и совести.
History of Modern Cremation in Romania: A Study of Technological Evolution and Personal Paradigms Introduction Cremation, as a measure of managing the postmortem body, was reinintroduced to Europe in the end of 18th century, but it will not become an common practice until the second half. Ce développement a eu des conséquences multiples qui ont suscité de vifs débats, avec les partisans de la crémation moderne, généralement issus des élites sociales et culturelles, cherchant à imposer leur nouveau modèle. La présente étude est l'histoire de la crémation en Roumanie, depuis l'émergence des idées crémationnistes en 1867 jusqu'à nos jours. Il analyse les périodes clés suivantes : la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle et le début du XXe siècle, l'entre-deux-guerres, la période communiste et la période post-communiste. L'idée de la crémation est apparue pour la première fois en Roumanie en 1867-1914, quand un groupe d'intellectuels inspirés par les modèles d'Europe occidentale a commencé à plaider pour elle en 1867. Ces partisans ont affirmé que la crémation était une solution hygiénique et économique pour gérer les morts, ainsi qu'un moyen d'affirmer la liberté individuelle et la conscience.
History of Modern Cremation in Romania: A Study of Technological Evolution and Personal Paradigms Introduction Cremation, as a measure of managing the postmortem body, was reinintroduced to Europe in the end of 18th century, but it will not become an common practice until the second half. Este desarrollo tuvo consecuencias polifacéticas que generaron acalorados debates, con partidarios de la cremación moderna que tendían a provenir de la élite social y cultural, buscando imponer su nuevo modelo. presente estudio es la historia de la cremación en Rumanía, desde la aparición de las ideas cremacionistas en 1867 hasta la actualidad. Analiza los siguientes períodos clave: la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y principios del XX, el período de entreguerras, el período comunista y el período poscomunista. La idea de la cremación surgió por primera vez en Rumanía en 1867-1914, cuando un grupo de intelectuales, inspirados en los patrones de occidental, comenzaron a abogar por ella 1867. Estos partidarios argumentaron que la cremación era una solución higiénica y económica para manejar a los muertos, así como un medio para reclamar la libertad individual y la conciencia.
History of Modern Cremation in Romania: A Study of Technological Evolution and Personal Paradigms Introduction Cremation, as a measure of managing the postmortem body, was reinintroduced to Europe in the end of 18th century, but it will not become an common practice until the second half. Questo sviluppo ha avuto conseguenze molteplici che hanno suscitato un dibattito caldo, con i sostenitori della cremazione moderna, che di solito provenivano dall'elite sociale e culturale, cercando di imporre il suo nuovo modello. La vera ricerca è la storia della cremazione in Romania, partendo dalla nascita delle idee cremoniste nel 1867 fino ad oggi. Analizza i seguenti periodi chiave: la seconda metà del Novecento e l'inizio del ventesimo secolo, l'interscambio, il periodo comunista e il periodo post comunista. L'idea della cremazione nacque per la prima volta in Romania nel 1867-1914, quando un gruppo di intellettuali ispirati ai campioni dell'occidentale cominciò a sostenerla. Questi sostenitori sostenevano che la cremazione era una soluzione igienica ed economica per gestire i morti, nonché un mezzo per affermare la libertà e la coscienza individuali.
History of Modern Cremation in Romania: A Study of Technological Evolution and Personal Paradigms Introduction Cremation, as a measure of managing the postmortem body, was reinintroduced to Europe in the end of 18th century, but it will not become an common practice until the second half. Diese Entwicklung hatte vielfältige Auswirkungen, die eine hitzige Debatte auslösten, wobei die Befürworter der modernen Feuerbestattung dazu neigten, aus der sozialen und kulturellen Elite zu kommen, um ihr neues Modell durchzusetzen. Die vorliegende Studie ist die Geschichte der Feuerbestattung in Rumänien, beginnend mit dem Aufkommen der Kremationisten Ideen im Jahr 1867 bis heute. Es analysiert die folgenden Schlüsselperioden: die zweite Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts und den Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts, die Zwischenkriegszeit, die kommunistische Periode und die postkommunistische Periode. Die Idee der Feuerbestattung tauchte erstmals 1867-1914 in Rumänien auf, als eine Gruppe von Intellektuellen, inspiriert von westeuropäischen Vorbildern, für ihre 1867 zu sprechen begann. Diese Befürworter argumentierten, dass die Einäscherung eine hygienische und wirtschaftliche Lösung für die Verwaltung der Toten sowie ein Mittel zur Durchsetzung der individuellen Freiheit und des Gewissens sei.
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Romanya'da Modern Kremasyon Tarihi: Teknolojik Evrim ve Kişisel Paradigmalar Giriş Kremasyon, ölüm sonrası vücudu yönetmenin bir ölçüsü olarak, 18. yüzyılın sonunda Avrupa'ya yeniden tanıtıldı, ancak ikinci yarıya kadar yaygın bir uygulama haline gelmeyecek. Bu gelişme, yeni modellerini empoze etmeye çalışan sosyal ve kültürel seçkinlerden gelme eğiliminde olan modern kremasyon savunucuları ile ateşli tartışmalara yol açan çok yönlü etkilere sahipti. Bu çalışma, 1867'de yaratılışçı fikirlerin ortaya çıkmasından günümüze kadar Romanya'da kremasyonun tarihidir. On dokuzuncu yüzyılın ikinci yarısı ve yirminci yüzyılın başı, savaşlar arası dönem, komünist dönem ve komünizm sonrası dönem. Kremasyon fikri ilk olarak 1867-1914'te, Batı Avrupa modellerinden esinlenen bir grup entelektüelin 1867'yi savunmaya başladığı Romanya'da ortaya çıktı. Bu savunucular, kremasyonun ölüleri yönetmek için hijyenik ve ekonomik bir çözüm olduğunu ve bireysel özgürlük ve vicdanı iddia etmenin bir aracı olduğunu savundu.
تاريخ حرق الجثث الحديث في رومانيا: دراسة التطور التكنولوجي ومقدمة النماذج الشخصية تم إعادة الحرق، كمقياس لإدارة جسم ما بعد الوفاة، إلى أوروبا في نهاية القرن الثامن عشر، لكنها لن تصبح ممارسة شائعة حتى النصف الثاني. كان لهذا التطور آثار متعددة الأوجه أثارت نقاشًا ساخنًا، مع أنصار حرق الجثث الحديث الذين يميلون إلى أن يأتوا من النخبة الاجتماعية والثقافية الذين يسعون لفرض نموذجهم الجديد. الدراسة الحالية هي تاريخ حرق الجثث في رومانيا، من ظهور أفكار حرق الجثث في عام 1867 إلى يومنا هذا. يحلل الفترات الرئيسية التالية: النصف الثاني من القرن التاسع عشر وبداية القرن العشرين، وفترة ما بين الحربين، والفترة الشيوعية، وفترة ما بعد الشيوعية. ظهرت فكرة حرق الجثث لأول مرة في رومانيا في 1867-1914، عندما بدأت مجموعة من المثقفين مستوحاة من نماذج أوروبا الغربية في الدفاع عن عام 1867. جادل هؤلاء المؤيدون بأن حرق الجثث كان حلاً صحيًا واقتصاديًا لإدارة الموتى، ووسيلة لتأكيد الحرية الفردية والضمير.

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