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Titans of the Climate: Explaining Policy Process in the United States and China (American and Comparative Environmental Policy) - Kelly Sims Gallagher December 11, 2018 PDF  BOOKS
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Titans of the Climate: Explaining Policy Process in the United States and China (American and Comparative Environmental Policy)
Author: Kelly Sims Gallagher
Year: December 11, 2018
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 4.6 MB
Language: English



Titans of the Climate: Explaining Policy Process in the United States and China Introduction The world's two largest greenhouse gas emitters, the United States and China, are at the forefront of addressing the pressing issue of climate change. However, their approaches to climate policy are vastly different, with the US taking an incremental and deliberative approach, while China adopts a more strategic and pragmatic one. Understanding these contrasting policy processes is crucial for effective cooperation and successful climate policy outcomes. This book, "Titans of the Climate delves into the intricacies of climate policy development in both nations, providing valuable insights into the challenges, opportunities, and potential for collaboration. US Climate Policy: Deliberative Incrementalism In the US, climate policy has evolved through a series of incremental steps, with a focus on domestic legislation and international cooperation. The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970, the Clean Water Act of 1972, and the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 laid the foundation for environmental regulations. The Obama Administration's Clean Power Plan, aimed at reducing carbon emissions from power plants, represents a significant milestone in this process. The plan was developed through a lengthy rule-making process, involving extensive stakeholder engagement and public commentary. This deliberative approach prioritizes domestic considerations, seeking to balance economic growth with environmental protection.
Titans of the Climate: Explaining Policy Process in the United States and China Introduction Два крупнейших в мире эмитента парниковых газов, США и Китай, находятся на переднем крае решения насущной проблемы изменения климата. Однако их подходы к климатической политике сильно отличаются: США применяют постепенный и совещательный подход, а Китай - более стратегический и прагматичный. Понимание этих противоположных политических процессов имеет решающее значение для эффективного сотрудничества и успешных результатов климатической политики. В этой книге «Titans of the Climate» (Титаны климата) подробно рассматриваются тонкости разработки политики в области климата в обеих странах, что дает ценную информацию о проблемах, возможностях и потенциале для сотрудничества. Климатическая политика США: совещательный инкрементализм В США климатическая политика развивалась посредством серии инкрементальных шагов с акцентом на внутреннее законодательство и международное сотрудничество. Поправки к Закону о чистом воздухе 1970 года, Закон о чистой воде 1972 года и Закон о национальной экологической политике 1969 года заложили основу для экологических норм. План администрации Обамы «Чистая энергия», направленный на сокращение выбросов углерода электростанциями, представляет собой важную веху в этом процессе. План был разработан в ходе длительного процесса выработки правил, включающего широкое взаимодействие с заинтересованными сторонами и публичные комментарии. Такой совещательный подход отдает приоритет внутренним соображениям, стремясь сбалансировать экономический рост с защитой окружающей среды.
Titans of the Climate : Explaining Policy Process in the United States and China Introduction s deux plus grands émetteurs de gaz à effet de serre au monde, les États-Unis et la Chine, sont à l'avant-garde de la résolution du problème urgent du changement climatique. Mais leur approche de la politique climatique est très différente : les États-Unis adoptent une approche graduelle et délibérative, et la Chine est plus stratégique et pragmatique. La compréhension de ces processus politiques opposés est essentielle à une coopération efficace et au succès des politiques climatiques. Ce livre intitulé Titans of the Climate (Titans of Climate) examine en détail les subtilités de l'élaboration des politiques climatiques dans les deux pays, ce qui fournit des informations précieuses sur les défis, les possibilités et les possibilités de coopération. Politique climatique des États-Unis : incrémentalisme délibératif Aux États-Unis, la politique climatique a évolué par une série de mesures incrémentielles axées sur la législation nationale et la coopération internationale. s modifications apportées à la loi de 1970 sur la qualité de l'air, à la loi de 1972 sur la salubrité de l'eau et à la loi de 1969 sur la politique nationale de l'environnement ont jeté les bases d'une réglementation environnementale. plan « Énergie propre » de l'administration Obama, qui vise à réduire les émissions de carbone des centrales électriques, représente une étape importante dans ce processus. plan a été élaboré au cours d'un long processus d'élaboration de règles, qui comprend une large interaction avec les intervenants et des commentaires publics. Cette approche délibérative donne la priorité aux considérations internes en cherchant à équilibrer la croissance économique avec la protection de l'environnement.
Titanes del Clima: Proceso de Política Explosiva en los Estados Unidos y China Introducción Dos de los emisores de gases de efecto invernadero más grandes del mundo, Estados Unidos y China, están a la vanguardia de la solución del acuciante problema del cambio climático. n embargo, sus enfoques de la política climática son muy diferentes: Estados Unidos adopta un enfoque gradual y deliberativo, y China es más estratégica y pragmática. La comprensión de estos procesos políticos opuestos es crucial para la cooperación efectiva y el éxito de las políticas climáticas. Este libro Titans of the Climate (Titanes del Clima) examina en detalle los entresijos de la formulación de políticas climáticas en ambos países, lo que proporciona información valiosa sobre los desafíos, oportunidades y potencial de cooperación. Política climática de Estados Unidos: incrementalismo deliberativo En Estados Unidos, la política climática se desarrolló a través de una serie de pasos incrementales, con énfasis en la legislación nacional y la cooperación internacional. enmiendas a la y de aire limpio de 1970, la y de agua limpia de 1972 y la y de política ambiental nacional de 1969 sentaron las bases de las normas ambientales. plan de Energía Limpia del gobierno de Obama, que busca reducir las emisiones de carbono de las centrales eléctricas, representa un hito importante en el proceso. plan se elaboró durante un largo proceso de elaboración de normas que incluyó una amplia interacción con las partes interesadas y comentarios públicos. Este enfoque deliberativo da prioridad a las consideraciones internas, tratando de equilibrar el crecimiento económico con la protección del medio ambiente.
Titans of the Climate: Explaining Policy Process in the United States and China Introduction I due più grandi emettitori di gas serra del mondo, Stati Uniti e Cina, sono in prima linea per affrontare l'urgente problema del cambiamento climatico. Ma il loro approccio alla politica climatica è molto diverso, con gli Stati Uniti che adottano un approccio graduale e deliberativo e la Cina più strategico e pragmatico. La comprensione di questi processi politici opposti è fondamentale per una cooperazione efficace e il successo delle politiche climatiche. In questo libro, Titans of the Climate (I titani del clima) descrive in dettaglio le finezze della politica climatica in entrambi i paesi, fornendo preziose informazioni sulle sfide, le opportunità e le potenzialità della cooperazione. Politica climatica degli Stati Uniti - Incrementalismo deliberativo Negli Stati Uniti, le politiche climatiche si sono evolute attraverso una serie di misure incrementali che si concentrano sulla legislazione interna e sulla cooperazione internazionale. modifiche alla legge sull'aria pulita del 1970, alla legge sull'acqua pulita del 1972 e alla legge sulla politica ambientale nazionale del 1969 hanno creato le basi per le norme ambientali. Il piano Energia Pulita dell'amministrazione Obama, che mira a ridurre le emissioni di carbonio da parte delle centrali elettriche, rappresenta una tappa importante in questo processo. Il piano è stato sviluppato nel corso di un lungo processo di definizione delle regole, che include ampia interazione con le parti interessate e commenti pubblici. Questo approccio deliberativo dà priorità alle considerazioni interne, cercando di bilanciare la crescita economica con la protezione dell'ambiente.
Titans of the Climate: Explaining Policy Process in the United States and China Introduction Die beiden weltweit größten Emittenten von Treibhausgasen, die USA und China, stehen bei der Bewältigung des drängenden Problems des Klimawandels an vorderster Front. Ihre klimapolitischen Ansätze sind jedoch sehr unterschiedlich: Die USA verfolgen einen schrittweisen und beratenden Ansatz, und China ist strategischer und pragmatischer. Das Verständnis dieser gegensätzlichen politischen Prozesse ist entscheidend für eine effektive Zusammenarbeit und erfolgreiche klimapolitische Ergebnisse. Dieses Buch „Titans of the Climate“ (Titans of the Climate) untersucht detailliert die Feinheiten der klimapolitischen Entwicklung in beiden Ländern und liefert wertvolle Einblicke in Herausforderungen, Chancen und Kooperationspotenziale. US-Klimapolitik: Deliberativer Inkrementalismus In den USA hat sich die Klimapolitik durch eine Reihe von inkrementellen Schritten mit Schwerpunkt auf nationaler Gesetzgebung und internationaler Zusammenarbeit entwickelt. Änderungen des Clean Air Act von 1970, des Clean Water Act von 1972 und des National Environmental Policy Act von 1969 legten den Grundstein für Umweltvorschriften. Der Clean Energy Plan der Obama-Regierung, der darauf abzielt, die CO2-Emissionen von Kraftwerken zu reduzieren, stellt einen wichtigen Meilenstein in diesem Prozess dar. Der Plan wurde in einem langwierigen Regelungsprozess entwickelt, der eine breite Einbeziehung der Interessengruppen und öffentliche Kommentare umfasste. Dieser beratende Ansatz priorisiert interne Überlegungen und versucht, Wirtschaftswachstum und Umweltschutz in Einklang zu bringen.
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İklimin Devleri: Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Çin'de Politika Sürecini Açıklamak Giriş Dünyanın en büyük iki sera gazı yayıcısı olan Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Çin, iklim değişikliğinin acil sorununu ele almanın ön saflarında yer almaktadır. Ancak, iklim politikasına yaklaşımları çok farklı: ABD kademeli ve müzakereci bir yaklaşım benimsiyor ve Çin daha stratejik ve pragmatik. Bu karşıt siyasi süreçleri anlamak, etkili işbirliği ve başarılı iklim politikası sonuçları için kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu kitap, Titans of the Climate, her iki ülkedeki iklim politikası yapımının karmaşıklıklarına derinlemesine bir bakış atıyor ve zorluklar, fırsatlar ve işbirliği potansiyeli hakkında değerli bilgiler sağlıyor. ABD İklim Politikası: Müzakereci Artışçılık ABD'de iklim politikası, iç hukuk ve uluslararası işbirliğine odaklanan bir dizi aşamalı adımla gelişti. 1970 Temiz Hava Yasası, 1972 Temiz Su Yasası ve 1969 Ulusal Çevre Politikası Yasası'nda yapılan değişiklikler, çevre düzenlemelerinin temelini attı. Obama yönetiminin enerji santrallerinden kaynaklanan karbon emisyonlarını azaltmayı amaçlayan Temiz Güç Planı, süreçte önemli bir kilometre taşını temsil ediyor. Plan, kapsamlı paydaş katılımı ve kamuoyu yorumu içeren uzun bir kural oluşturma sürecinde geliştirildi. Bu müzakereci yaklaşım, ekonomik büyümeyi çevre koruma ile dengelemeye çalışan yerel düşünceleri önceliklendirir.
Titans of the Climate: Splaining Policy Process in the United States and China Introduction أكبر دولتين في العالم من غازات الدفيئة، الولايات المتحدة والصين، في طليعة التصدي للتحدي الملح المتمثل في تغير المناخ. ومع ذلك، فإن مناهجهم لسياسة المناخ مختلفة تمامًا: تتبع الولايات المتحدة نهجًا تدريجيًا وتداوليًا، والصين أكثر استراتيجية وعملية. يعد فهم هذه العمليات السياسية المتعارضة أمرًا بالغ الأهمية للتعاون الفعال ونتائج السياسة المناخية الناجحة. يلقي هذا الكتاب، جبابرة المناخ، نظرة متعمقة على تعقيدات صنع سياسات المناخ في كلا البلدين، مما يوفر نظرة ثاقبة للتحديات والفرص وإمكانات التعاون. سياسة المناخ الأمريكية: التدريجية التداولية في الولايات المتحدة، تطورت سياسة المناخ من خلال سلسلة من الخطوات التدريجية مع التركيز على القانون المحلي والتعاون الدولي. أرست التعديلات على قانون الهواء النظيف لعام 1970، وقانون المياه النظيفة لعام 1972، وقانون السياسة البيئية الوطنية لعام 1969 الأساس للوائح البيئية. تمثل خطة الطاقة النظيفة لإدارة أوباما، والتي تهدف إلى الحد من انبعاثات الكربون من محطات الطاقة، علامة فارقة في هذه العملية. تم تطوير الخطة خلال عملية مطولة لوضع القواعد تضمنت مشاركة واسعة من أصحاب المصلحة وتعليقات عامة. ويعطي هذا النهج التداولي الأولوية للاعتبارات المحلية التي تسعى إلى تحقيق التوازن بين النمو الاقتصادي وحماية البيئة.

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