BOOKS - When Novels Were Books
When Novels Were Books - Jordan Alexander Stein January 7, 2020 PDF  BOOKS
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When Novels Were Books
Author: Jordan Alexander Stein
Year: January 7, 2020
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 7.6 MB
Language: English



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When Novels Were Books: A Study of the Evolution of Technology and its Impact on the Development of Modern Knowledge In the eighteenth century, novels were not yet the beloved genre we know today. In fact, they were often confused with other printed materials such as religious texts and almanacs. It was not until the novel developed into a mature form that it began to distinguish itself from these similar-looking books and become what we now call literature. However, the process of this development was not without its challenges, and the very format of the book itself played a significant role in shaping the stories that were fit to print. The Rise of the Anglophone Novel Literary scholars have long explained the rise of the Anglophone novel using a range of tools, from Ian Watt's theories to James Watt's inventions. However, contrary to established narratives, When Novels Were Books reveals that the genre was not born secular, national, middle-class, or female. For the first three centuries of its history, novels came into readers' hands primarily as printed sheets ordered into a codex bound along one edge between boards or paper wrappers. This shared formal feature with other codices, such as Protestant religious books produced by the same printers.
When Novels Were Books: A Study of the Evolution of Technology and Its Impact on the Development of Modern Knowledge В XVIII веке романы еще не были любимым жанром, который мы знаем сегодня. На самом деле их часто путали с другими печатными материалами, такими как религиозные тексты и альманахи. Только когда роман развился в зрелую форму, он стал отличаться от этих похожих на вид книг и стал тем, что мы сейчас называем литературой. Однако процесс этого развития не обходился без своих вызовов, а сам формат книги сам по себе сыграл немалую роль в формировании историй, годных к печати. The Rise of the Anglophone Novel Литературоведы долгое время объясняли возникновение англоязычного романа с помощью целого ряда инструментов, от теорий Иэна Уатта до изобретений Джеймса Уатта. Однако, вопреки устоявшимся нарративам, «When Novels Were Books» показывает, что жанр не был рождён светским, национальным, среднего класса или женским. Первые три столетия своей истории романы попадали в руки читателей в первую очередь как печатные листы, упорядоченные в кодекс, переплетённый по одному краю между досками или бумажными обёртками. Это делило формальную особенность с другими кодексами, такими как протестантские религиозные книги, выпущенные теми же типографиями.
When Novels Were Books : A Study of the Evolution of Technology and Its Impact on the Development of Modern Knowledge Au XVIIIe siècle, les romans n'étaient pas encore le genre préféré que nous connaissons aujourd'hui. En fait, ils étaient souvent confondus avec d'autres documents imprimés, tels que des textes religieux et des almanachis. Ce n'est que lorsque le roman s'est développé dans une forme mature qu'il est devenu différent de ces livres similaires et est devenu ce que nous appelons maintenant la littérature. Cependant, le processus de ce développement n'a pas été sans défis, et le format du livre lui-même a joué un rôle important dans la formation des histoires aptes à l'impression. The Rise of the Anglophone Novel s littéraires ont longtemps expliqué l'émergence d'un roman en anglais à l'aide d'un certain nombre d'outils, des théories d'Ian Watt aux inventions de James Watt. Cependant, contrairement aux récits établis, When Novels Were Books montre que le genre n'est pas né d'une classe laïque, nationale, moyenne ou féminine. s trois premiers siècles de leur histoire, les romans tombaient entre les mains des lecteurs principalement comme des feuilles imprimées, ordonnées dans un code, entrelacées sur le même bord entre les planches ou les enveloppes de papier. Cela partageait une caractéristique formelle avec d'autres codes, tels que les livres religieux protestants publiés par les mêmes imprimés.
When Novels Were Books: A Study of the Evolution of Technology and Its Impact on the Development of Modern Knowledge En el siglo XVIII, las novelas aún no eran el género favorito que hoy conocemos De hecho, a menudo se confundían con otros materiales impresos, como textos religiosos y almanaques. No fue hasta que la novela se desarrolló en forma madura que comenzó a ser diferente de estos libros similares al tipo y se convirtió en lo que ahora llamamos literatura. n embargo, el proceso de este desarrollo no ha estado exento de sus desafíos, y el propio formato del libro ha desempeñado un papel importante en la formación de historias aptas para la impresión. The Rise of the Anglophone Novel críticos literarios han explicado durante mucho tiempo el surgimiento de la novela en inglés a través de una serie de herramientas, desde las teorías de Ian Watt hasta las invenciones de James Watt. n embargo, contrariamente a las narrativas establecidas, "When Novels Were Books'muestra que el género no nació de una clase secular, nacional, media o femenina. tres primeros siglos de su historia, las novelas cayeron en manos de los lectores principalmente como hojas impresas ordenadas en códice, entrelazadas en un mismo borde entre tablas o envoltorios de papel. Esto compartía una característica formal con otros códigos, como los libros religiosos protestantes publicados por las mismas imprentas.
When Novels Were Books: A Study of the Evolution of Technology and Its Impatto on the Development of Modern Knowledge Nel XVIII secolo i romanzi non erano ancora il genere preferito che conosciamo oggi. In realtà erano spesso confusi con altri materiali stampati, come testi religiosi e almanacchi. Solo quando il romanzo si sviluppò in forma matura, divenne diverso da questi libri simili e diventò quello che ora chiamiamo letteratura. Tuttavia, il processo di sviluppo non ha fatto a meno delle sue sfide, e il formato del libro ha svolto un ruolo significativo nella creazione di storie che possono essere stampate. I Rise of the Anglophone Novel tteratura hanno a lungo spiegato la nascita del romanzo in lingua inglese con una serie di strumenti, dalle teorie di Ian Watt alle invenzioni di James Watt. Tuttavia, contrariamente a quanto si dice, la When Novels Were Books dimostra che il genere non è nato da una classe secolare, nazionale, media o femminile. Per i primi tre secoli di storia, i romanzi finivano nelle mani dei lettori come fogli stampati in un codice intrecciato tra tavole o avvolgenti di carta. Questo condivideva la caratteristica formale con altri codici, come i libri religiosi protestanti, pubblicati dalle stesse tipografie.
When Novels Were Books: A Study of the Evolution of Technology and Its Impact on the Development of Modern Knowledge Im 18. Jahrhundert waren Romane noch nicht das Lieblingsgenre, das wir heute kennen. Tatsächlich wurden sie oft mit anderen gedruckten Materialien wie religiösen Texten und Almanachen verwechselt. Erst als sich der Roman zu einer reifen Form entwickelte, begann er sich von diesen ähnlich aussehenden Büchern zu unterscheiden und wurde zu dem, was wir heute Literatur nennen. Der Prozess dieser Entwicklung blieb jedoch nicht ohne seine Herausforderungen, und das Format des Buches selbst spielte eine bedeutende Rolle bei der Gestaltung druckfähiger Geschichten. Der Aufstieg des Anglophone-Romans Literaturwissenschaftler haben die Entstehung des englischsprachigen Romans lange Zeit mit einer Reihe von Werkzeugen erklärt, von Ian Watts Theorien bis zu James Watts Erfindungen. Im Gegensatz zu etablierten Erzählungen zeigt „When Novels Were Books“ jedoch, dass das Genre nicht aus dem Säkularen, dem Nationalen, dem Mittelstand oder dem Weiblichen geboren wurde. In den ersten drei Jahrhunderten ihrer Geschichte fielen die Romane in erster Linie als gedruckte Blätter in die Hände der ser, die in einem Kodex angeordnet waren, der an einer Kante zwischen Brettern oder Papierhüllen verschlungen war. Dies teilte das formale Merkmal mit anderen Codes, wie protestantische religiöse Bücher, die von den gleichen Druckereien herausgegeben wurden.
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Romanlar Kitap Olduğunda: Teknolojinin Evrimi ve Modern Bilginin Gelişimi Üzerindeki Etkisi Üzerine Bir Çalışma 18. yüzyılda, romanlar henüz bugün bildiğimiz favori tür değildi. Gerçekte, genellikle dini metinler ve almanaklar gibi diğer basılı materyallerle karıştırıldılar. Roman olgun bir biçime gelene kadar, bu benzer görünümlü kitaplardan farklı hale geldi ve şimdi edebiyat dediğimiz şey haline geldi. Bununla birlikte, bu gelişme süreci zorlukları olmadan değildi ve kitabın formatı, yayınlanmaya uygun öykülerin oluşumunda önemli bir rol oynadı. The Rise of the Anglophone Novel Edebiyat araştırmacıları, Ian Watt'ın teorilerinden James Watt'ın icatlarına kadar bir dizi araçla İngilizce romanın ortaya çıkışını uzun zamandır açıklamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, yerleşik anlatıların aksine, When Novels Were Books, türün laik, ulusal, orta sınıf veya kadın olarak doğmadığını göstermektedir. Tarihinin ilk üç yüzyılı boyunca, romanlar öncelikle okuyucuların eline geçti ve tahtalar veya kağıt ambalajlar arasında bir kenar boyunca iç içe geçmiş bir kodla sipariş edildi. Bu, aynı yazıcılar tarafından yayınlanan Protestan dini kitapları gibi diğer kodlarla resmi bir özellik paylaştı.
عندما كانت الروايات كتب: دراسة لتطور التكنولوجيا وتأثيرها على تطور المعرفة الحديثة في القرن الثامن عشر، لم تكن الروايات بعد النوع المفضل الذي نعرفه اليوم. في الواقع، غالبًا ما تم الخلط بينها وبين المواد المطبوعة الأخرى مثل النصوص الدينية والماناك. لم يكن الأمر كذلك حتى تطورت الرواية إلى شكل ناضج حتى أصبحت متميزة عن هذه الكتب المتشابهة المظهر وأصبحت ما نسميه الآن الأدب. ومع ذلك، لم تخل عملية هذا التطور من التحديات، ولعب شكل الكتاب نفسه دورًا مهمًا في تكوين القصص المناسبة للنشر. لطالما شرح علماء الرواية الأدبية الناطقة بالإنجليزية ظهور الرواية باللغة الإنجليزية من خلال مجموعة من الأدوات، من نظريات إيان وات إلى اختراعات جيمس وات. ومع ذلك، على عكس الروايات الراسخة، تظهر روايات كانت كتب أن هذا النوع لم يولد علماني أو وطني أو من الطبقة الوسطى أو أنثى. خلال القرون الثلاثة الأولى من تاريخها، سقطت الروايات في أيدي القراء بشكل أساسي كملاءات مطبوعة، مرتبة في رمز متشابك على طول حافة واحدة بين الألواح أو الأغلفة الورقية. شارك هذا ميزة رسمية مع رموز أخرى، مثل الكتب الدينية البروتستانتية الصادرة عن نفس الطابعات.

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