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Royal Taxation in Fourteenth-Century France: The Captivity and Ransom of John II, 1356-1370 - John Bell Henneman January 1, 1976 PDF  BOOKS
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Royal Taxation in Fourteenth-Century France: The Captivity and Ransom of John II, 1356-1370
Author: John Bell Henneman
Year: January 1, 1976
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 26 MB
Language: English



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The book is divided into three parts: Part I describes the political and economic context of the captivity and ransom of John II; Part II examines the evolution of the fiscal system during his captivity; and Part III analyzes the consequences of this experience for the development of modern French taxation. The plot of Royal Taxation in Fourteenth-Century France: The Captivity and Ransom of John II, 1356-1370, by Professor John Henneman, offers a comprehensive exploration of the evolution of French royal finances during the fourteenth century, specifically focusing on the critical period between 1356 and 1370. This volume serves as a sequel to Henneman's earlier work, delving deeper into the development of French taxation during this pivotal era. Part I of the book sets the stage for the captivity and ransom of King John II, providing a detailed political and economic context for the events that unfolded. This section highlights the significance of the Estates General, the body responsible for raising revenues for the crown, and their struggles to secure adequate funds during the king's absence. The factional strife and discrediting of the Estates General are also discussed, offering insight into the challenges faced by the monarchy during this time. In Part II, the author examines the evolution of the fiscal system during John II's captivity, including the introduction of new taxes such as the aides and gabelle, which were the first regular taxes in French history.
Книга разделена на три части: Часть I описывает политический и экономический контекст пленения и выкупа Иоанна II; Во II части рассматривается эволюция фискальной системы во время его плена; и часть III анализирует последствия этого опыта для развития современного французского налогообложения. Сюжет «Royal Taxation in XIV-Century France: The Captivity and Ransom of John II», 1356-1370 профессором Джоном Хеннеманом, предлагает всестороннее исследование эволюции французских королевских финансов в течение XIV века, в частности, фокусируясь на критическом периоде между 1356 и 1370 годами. Этот том служит продолжением более ранней работы Хеннемана, углубляющейся в развитие французского налогообложения в эту поворотную эпоху. Часть I книги подготавливает почву для пленения и выкупа короля Иоанна II, предоставляя подробный политический и экономический контекст для развернувшихся событий. Этот раздел подчеркивает значение Генерального сословия, органа, ответственного за повышение доходов короны, и их борьбу за обеспечение адекватных средств во время отсутствия короля. Также обсуждаются фракционные распри и дискредитация Генеральных сословий, что дает представление о проблемах, с которыми столкнулась монархия в это время. Во II части автор рассматривает эволюцию фискальной системы во время плена Иоанна II, включая введение новых налогов, таких как помощники и габель, которые были первыми регулярными налогами в истории Франции.
livre est divisé en trois parties : La partie I décrit le contexte politique et économique de la captivité et de la rançon de Jean II ; La deuxième partie examine l'évolution du système fiscal au cours de sa captivité ; et la partie III analyse l'impact de cette expérience sur le développement de la fiscalité française moderne. L'histoire « Royal Taxation in XIV-Century France : The Captivity and Ransom of John II », 1356-1370 par le professeur John Henneman, propose une étude complète de l'évolution de la finance royale française au cours du XIVe siècle, en se concentrant en particulier sur la période critique entre 1356 et 1370 ans. Ce volume s'inscrit dans la continuité des travaux antérieurs de Hennemann, qui s'approfondissent dans le développement de la fiscalité française à cette époque charnière. La première partie du livre prépare le terrain pour la captivité et la rançon du roi Jean II, en fournissant un contexte politique et économique détaillé pour les événements qui se déroulent. Cette section souligne l'importance de l'État général, l'organe chargé d'augmenter les revenus de la Couronne, et leur lutte pour obtenir des fonds suffisants en l'absence du Roi. s querelles de factions et le discrédit des États généraux sont également discutés, ce qui donne une idée des problèmes auxquels la monarchie a été confrontée à ce moment-là. Dans la deuxième partie, l'auteur examine l'évolution du système fiscal pendant la captivité de Jean II, y compris l'introduction de nouveaux impôts, tels que les assistants et la gabelle, qui ont été les premiers impôts réguliers de l'histoire de France.
libro se divide en tres partes: Parte I describe el contexto político y económico de la cautividad y redención de Juan II; La parte II examina la evolución del sistema fiscal durante su cautiverio; y la parte III analiza los efectos de esta experiencia en el desarrollo de la fiscalidad francesa moderna. La trama «Royal Taxation in XIV-Century France: The Captivity and Ransom of John II», 1356-1370 por el profesor John Henneman, ofrece un estudio exhaustivo de la evolución de las finanzas reales francesas durante el siglo XIV, centrándose en particular en el período crítico entre 1356 y 1370. Este volumen sirve como continuación del trabajo anterior de Henneman, profundizando en el desarrollo de la fiscalidad francesa en esta época de giro. La parte I del libro prepara el terreno para el cautiverio y rescate del rey Juan II, proporcionando un contexto político y económico detallado para los acontecimientos que se desarrollan. Esta sección pone de relieve la importancia del Estado General, el órgano encargado de elevar los ingresos de la Corona, y su lucha por garantizar medios adecuados durante la ausencia del Rey. También se discuten las disputas entre facciones y el descrédito de las Clases Generales, lo que da una idea de los problemas que ha enfrentado la monarquía en esta época. En la parte II, el autor examina la evolución del sistema fiscal durante el cautiverio de Juan II, incluyendo la introducción de nuevos impuestos, como ayudantes y gabelas, que fueron los primeros impuestos regulares en la historia de Francia.
O livro está dividido em três partes: a parte I descreve o contexto político e econômico da captura e resgate de João II; A parte II aborda a evolução do sistema fiscal durante o seu cativeiro; e a Parte III analisa os efeitos dessa experiência no desenvolvimento da tributação francesa moderna. A história de «Royal Taxation in XIV-Century France: The Captity and Ransom of John II», 1356-1370, pelo professor John Henneman, oferece um estudo completo sobre a evolução das finanças reais francesas durante o século XIV, focando especialmente no período crítico entre 1356 e 1370. Este volume é uma extensão do trabalho anterior de Henneman, que se aprofundou no desenvolvimento da tributação francesa nesta era giratória. A parte I do livro prepara o terreno para o cativeiro e resgate do rei João II, fornecendo um contexto político e econômico detalhado para os acontecimentos. Esta seção enfatiza a importância do Estado-Geral, órgão responsável pelo aumento dos rendimentos da coroa, e sua luta para garantir fundos adequados durante a ausência do rei. Também estão sendo discutidas as disputas de facções e o descrédito das Palavras Gerais, o que dá uma ideia dos problemas que a monarquia enfrentou nesta altura. Na parte II, o autor aborda a evolução do sistema fiscal durante o cativeiro de João II, incluindo novos impostos, como assistentes e gabel, que foram os primeiros impostos regulares da história francesa.
Il libro è diviso in tre parti: la parte I descrive il contesto politico ed economico della prigionia e del riscatto di Giovanni II; La parte II considera l'evoluzione del sistema fiscale durante la sua prigionia; e la parte III analizza gli effetti di questa esperienza sullo sviluppo della tassazione francese moderna. La trama del Royal Taxi in XIV-Century France: The Captivity and Ransom of John II, 1356-1370 dal professor John Henneman, offre uno studio completo sull'evoluzione delle finanze reali francesi durante il XIV secolo, focalizzandosi in particolare sul periodo critico tra il 1356 e il 1370. Questo volume è l'estensione di un lavoro precedente di Henneman che si sta approfondendo nello sviluppo della tassazione francese in questa epoca di svolta. La parte I del libro prepara il terreno per la prigionia e il riscatto di re Giovanni II, fornendo un contesto politico ed economico dettagliato per gli eventi in corso. Questa sezione sottolinea l'importanza dell'Ufficio Generale, l'organismo responsabile dell'aumento dei redditi della corona, e la loro lotta per garantire fondi adeguati durante l'assenza del re. discutono anche le liti di fazione e le screditazioni delle Parole Generali, dando un'idea dei problemi che la monarchia ha affrontato in quel periodo. Nella parte II, l'autore affronta l'evoluzione del sistema fiscale durante la prigionia di Giovanni II, inclusa l'introduzione di nuove tasse, come assistenti e gabel, che sono state le prime imposte regolari nella storia della Francia.
Das Buch gliedert sich in drei Teile: Teil I beschreibt den politischen und wirtschaftlichen Kontext der Gefangennahme und des Lösegeldes von Johannes II.; Teil II befasst sich mit der Entwicklung des Finanzsystems während seiner Gefangenschaft; und Teil III analysiert die Auswirkungen dieser Erfahrungen auf die Entwicklung der modernen französischen Besteuerung. Die Handlung von „Royal Taxation in XIV-Century France: The Captivity and Ransom of John II“, 1356-1370 von Professor John Hennemann, bietet eine umfassende Untersuchung der Entwicklung der französischen königlichen Finanzen im 14. Jahrhundert, insbesondere mit Blick auf die kritische Zeit zwischen 1356 und 1370. Dieser Band dient als Fortsetzung von Hennemanns früherem Werk, das die Entwicklung der französischen Besteuerung in dieser Wendezeit vertieft. Teil I des Buches bereitet den Boden für die Gefangennahme und das Lösegeld von König Johannes II. Und bietet einen detaillierten politischen und wirtschaftlichen Kontext für die sich entfaltenden Ereignisse. Dieser Abschnitt unterstreicht die Bedeutung des Generalstandes, der Behörde, die für die Erhöhung der Einnahmen der Krone verantwortlich ist, und ihren Kampf, während der Abwesenheit des Königs angemessene Mittel bereitzustellen. Fraktionsfehden und die Diskreditierung der Generalstände werden ebenfalls diskutiert, was einen Einblick in die Probleme gibt, mit denen die Monarchie in dieser Zeit konfrontiert war. In Teil II untersucht der Autor die Entwicklung des Steuersystems während der Gefangenschaft von Johannes II., Einschließlich der Einführung neuer Steuern wie Assistenten und Gabel, die die ersten regulären Steuern in der Geschichte Frankreichs waren.
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Kitap üç bölüme ayrılmıştır: Bölüm I, II. Yuhanna'nın yakalanması ve fidyesinin siyasi ve ekonomik bağlamını açıklar; Bölüm II, esareti sırasında mali sistemin evrimini inceler; Ve Bölüm III, bu deneyimin modern Fransız vergilendirmesinin gelişimi için etkilerini analiz eder. Profesör John Henneman tarafından 1356-1370 "XIV. Yüzyıl Fransa'sında Kraliyet Vergilendirmesi: II. John'un Esareti ve Fidyesi" konusu, özellikle 1356 ve 1370 arasındaki kritik döneme odaklanan, XIV. Yüzyılda Fransız kraliyet finansının evrimi hakkında kapsamlı bir çalışma sunmaktadır. Bu cilt, Henneman'ın bu önemli dönemde Fransız vergilendirmesinin gelişimini inceleyen daha önceki çalışmalarının bir devamı olarak hizmet ediyor. Kitabın I. Bölümü, Kral II. John'un yakalanması ve fidye için zemin hazırlar ve ortaya çıkan olaylar için ayrıntılı bir politik ve ekonomik bağlam sağlar. Bu bölüm, Kraliyet gelirlerini artırmaktan sorumlu organ olan Estates General'in önemini ve Kral'ın yokluğunda yeterli fonları sağlama mücadelelerini vurgulamaktadır. Hizipçi kan davaları ve Genel Mülklerin itibarsızlaştırılması da tartışıldı ve bu süre zarfında monarşinin karşılaştığı sorunlar hakkında fikir verdi. II. Bölümde, yazar, II. John'un esareti sırasında mali sistemin evrimini, Fransa tarihindeki ilk düzenli vergiler olan asistanlar ve gabel gibi yeni vergilerin getirilmesi de dahil olmak üzere ele almaktadır.
ينقسم الكتاب إلى ثلاثة أجزاء: الجزء الأول يصف السياق السياسي والاقتصادي لأسر يوحنا الثاني وفديته ؛ ويتناول الجزء الثاني تطور النظام المالي أثناء احتجازه ؛ ويحلل الجزء الثالث آثار هذه التجربة على تطوير الضرائب الفرنسية الحديثة. تقدم حبكة «الضرائب الملكية في فرنسا القرن الرابع عشر: أسر وفدية يوحنا الثاني»، التي 1356-1370 البروفيسور جون هينمان، دراسة شاملة لتطور التمويل الملكي الفرنسي خلال القرن الرابع عشر، على وجه الخصوص، مع التركيز على الفترة الحرجة بين 1356 و 1370. يعد هذا المجلد استمرارًا لعمل هينمان السابق في الخوض في تطوير الضرائب الفرنسية خلال هذه الحقبة المحورية. يمهد الجزء الأول من الكتاب الطريق للقبض على الملك يوحنا الثاني وفديته، مما يوفر سياقًا سياسيًا واقتصاديًا مفصلاً للأحداث التي تكشفت. يسلط هذا القسم الضوء على أهمية العقارات العامة، الهيئة المسؤولة عن زيادة عائدات التاج، وكفاحها لضمان الأموال الكافية أثناء غياب الملك. كما تتم مناقشة الخلافات بين الفصائل وتشويه سمعة العقارات العامة، مما يوفر نظرة ثاقبة للمشاكل التي واجهتها الملكية خلال هذا الوقت. في الجزء الثاني، ينظر المؤلف في تطور النظام المالي أثناء أسر يوحنا الثاني، بما في ذلك إدخال ضرائب جديدة، مثل المساعدين وجابل، والتي كانت أول ضرائب عادية في تاريخ فرنسا.

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