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The Empiricists: Locke: Concerning Human Understanding; Berkeley: Principles of Human Knowledge and 3 Dialogues; Hume: Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning Natural Religion - Richard Taylor December 21, 1960 PDF  BOOKS
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The Empiricists: Locke: Concerning Human Understanding; Berkeley: Principles of Human Knowledge and 3 Dialogues; Hume: Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning Natural Religion
Author: Richard Taylor
Year: December 21, 1960
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 540 KB
Language: English



The editors have provided an introduction sketching the historical setting and the main features of the controversy and explaining why they have chosen to present the texts in chronological order. The Empiricists: Locke, Concerning Human Understanding; Berkeley, Principles of Human Knowledge; 3 Dialogues, Hume, Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning Natural Religion. Introduction: In the late 17th and early 18th centuries, British Empiricism emerged as a dominant school of thought in philosophy, shaping the way we understand knowledge and reality. This collection of essays by three influential thinkers - John Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume - traces the rise and fall of Empiricism, from its inception to its eventual decline. As we delve into their works, we'll explore how this philosophical movement impacted our understanding of human experience, the nature of reality, and the limits of knowledge. Locke's Essay: Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) marked the beginning of Empiricism, positing that all knowledge derives from experience and the senses. He argued that innate ideas are non-existent, and that our understanding is built upon the foundation of sensory data. In his work, he challenged the prevailing view of Rationalism, which held that knowledge is derived from reason and innate ideas.
Редакторы представили введение с кратким изложением исторической обстановки и основных особенностей спора и объяснением того, почему они решили представить тексты в хронологическом порядке. The Empiricists: Locke, Concerning Human Understanding; Беркли, Принципы человеческого знания; 3 Dialogues, Hume, Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning Natural Religion. Введение: В конце XVII и начале XVIII веков британский эмпиризм возник как доминирующая школа мысли в философии, формирующая способ понимания знаний и реальности. Этот сборник эссе трех влиятельных мыслителей - Джона Локка, Джорджа Беркли и Дэвида Хьюма - прослеживает подъем и падение эмпиризма, от его зарождения до его возможного упадка. По мере того, как мы углубляемся в их работы, мы будем исследовать, как это философское движение повлияло на наше понимание человеческого опыта, природы реальности и пределов знаний. Эссе Локка: Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) положило начало эмпиризму, утверждая, что все знания происходят из опыта и чувств. Он утверждал, что врожденные идеи не существуют, и что наше понимание построено на основе сенсорных данных. В своей работе он оспаривал господствующий взгляд на рационализм, который утверждал, что знание выводится из разума и врожденных идей.
s rédacteurs ont présenté une introduction résumant la situation historique et les principales caractéristiques du différend et expliquant pourquoi ils ont décidé de présenter les textes dans l'ordre chronologique. The Empiricists: Locke, Concerning Human Understanding; Berkeley, Principes de la connaissance humaine ; 3 Dialogues, Hume, Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning Natural Religion. Introduction : À la fin du XVIIe siècle et au début du XVIIIe siècle, l'empirisme britannique est apparu comme l'école dominante de la pensée en philosophie, formant une façon de comprendre la connaissance et la réalité. Ce recueil d'essais de trois penseurs influents - John Locke, George Berkeley et David Hume - retrace la montée et la chute de l'empirisme, depuis sa naissance jusqu'à son déclin éventuel. Au fur et à mesure que nous approfondirons leurs travaux, nous explorerons comment ce mouvement philosophique a influencé notre compréhension de l'expérience humaine, de la nature de la réalité et des limites de la connaissance. L'essai de Locke : Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) a lancé l'empirisme en affirmant que toutes les connaissances proviennent de l'expérience et des sentiments. Il a affirmé que les idées innées n'existaient pas et que notre compréhension était basée sur des données sensorielles. Dans son travail, il contestait la vision dominante du rationalisme, qui affirmait que la connaissance était déduite de la raison et des idées innées.
editores presentaron una introducción en la que resumían la situación histórica y las principales características de la controversia y explicaban por qué habían decidido presentar los textos en orden cronológico. The Empiricists: Locke, Concerning Human Understanding; Berkeley, Principios del Conocimiento Humano; 3 Dialogues, Hume, Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning Natural Religion. Introducción: A finales del siglo XVII y principios del XVIII, el empirismo británico surgió como la escuela dominante del pensamiento en la filosofía, formando una forma de entender el conocimiento y la realidad. Esta colección de ensayos de tres influyentes pensadores -Jon Locke, George Berkeley y David Hume- traza el ascenso y caída del empirismo, desde su nacimiento hasta su posible declive. A medida que profundizamos en sus obras, investigaremos cómo este movimiento filosófico ha influido en nuestra comprensión de la experiencia humana, la naturaleza de la realidad y los límites del conocimiento. ensayo de Locke: Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) sentó las bases del empirismo, afirmando que todo el conocimiento proviene de experiencias y sentimientos. Argumentó que las ideas innatas no existen, y que nuestra comprensión se construye a partir de datos sensoriales. En su obra desafió la visión dominante del racionalismo, que sostenía que el conocimiento se deriva de la razón y de las ideas innatas.
Os editores apresentaram uma introdução com um resumo da situação histórica e das principais características da disputa e explicam por que decidiram apresentar os textos em ordem cronológica. The Empiricists: Locke, Concerning Human Understanding; Berkeley, Princípios do Conhecimento Humano; 3 Dialogues, Hume, Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning Natural Religion. Introdução: No final do século XVII e início do século XVIII, o empirismo britânico surgiu como uma escola de pensamento dominante na filosofia, que forma a compreensão do conhecimento e da realidade. Esta compilação de ensaios de três pensadores influentes - John Locke, George Berkeley e David Hume - traça a ascensão e a queda do empirismo, desde o seu nascimento até o seu possível declínio. À medida que nos aprofundamos no trabalho deles, vamos investigar como esse movimento filosófico influenciou a nossa compreensão da experiência humana, da natureza da realidade e dos limites do conhecimento. O ensaio de Locke: Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) iniciou o empírismo, afirmando que todo o conhecimento decorre da experiência e dos sentimentos. Ele afirmou que as ideias congênitas não existem, e que a nossa compreensão foi construída com base em dados sensoriais. Em seu trabalho, ele contestou a visão dominante do racionalismo, que afirmava que o conhecimento era retirado da mente e das ideias congênitas.
Gli editori hanno presentato un'introduzione con un riepilogo della situazione storica e delle principali caratteristiche del contenzioso e hanno spiegato perché hanno deciso di presentare i testi in ordine cronologico. The Empiricists: Locke, Concerning Human Understanding; Berkeley, i principi della conoscenza umana; 3 Dialogues, Hume, Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning Natural Religion. Introduzione: Alla fine del XVII secolo e agli inizi del XVIII secolo, l'empirismo britannico è nato come scuola di pensiero dominante nella filosofia, che forma un modo per comprendere la conoscenza e la realtà. Questa raccolta di tre pensatori influenti, John Locke, George Berkeley e David Hume, mostra l'ascesa e la caduta dell'empirismo, dalla sua nascita al suo possibile declino. Mentre approfondiamo il loro lavoro, esploreremo come questo movimento filosofico abbia influenzato la nostra comprensione dell'esperienza umana, della natura della realtà e dei limiti della conoscenza. Il saggio di Lock's Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) ha dato il via all'empirismo, sostenendo che tutte le conoscenze provengono da esperienze e sentimenti. Sosteneva che le idee innate non esistevano e che la nostra comprensione fosse basata sui sensori. Nel suo lavoro ha contestato la visione dominante del razionalismo, che sosteneva che la conoscenza venisse fuori dalla mente e dalle idee innate.
Die Redakteure präsentierten eine Einführung mit einer Zusammenfassung des historischen Umfelds und der Hauptmerkmale des Streits und einer Erklärung, warum sie sich entschieden haben, die Texte in chronologischer Reihenfolge zu präsentieren. The Empiricists: Locke, Concerning Human Understanding; Berkeley, Prinzipien des menschlichen Wissens; 3 Dialogues, Hume, Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning Natural Religion. Einleitung: Im späten 17. und frühen 18. Jahrhundert entstand der britische Empirismus als dominierende Denkschule in der Philosophie, die eine Art des Verständnisses von Wissen und Realität bildete. Diese Sammlung von Essays von drei einflussreichen Denkern - John Locke, George Berkeley und David Hume - zeichnet den Aufstieg und Fall des Empirismus nach, von seinen Anfängen bis zu seinem möglichen Niedergang. Während wir tiefer in ihre Arbeit eintauchen, werden wir untersuchen, wie diese philosophische Bewegung unser Verständnis der menschlichen Erfahrung, der Natur der Realität und der Grenzen des Wissens beeinflusst hat. Locke Essay: Lockes Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) markierte den Beginn des Empirismus und argumentierte, dass alles Wissen aus Erfahrung und Gefühlen stammt. Er argumentierte, dass angeborene Ideen nicht existieren und dass unser Verständnis auf sensorischen Daten basiert. In seiner Arbeit bestritt er die vorherrschende cht des Rationalismus, der behauptete, dass Wissen aus dem Geist und angeborenen Ideen abgeleitet wird.
העורכים הציגו הקדמה המסכמת את המצב ההיסטורי ואת המאפיינים העיקריים של המחלוקת ומסבירה מדוע החליטו להציג את הטקסטים בסדר כרונולוגי. האמפיריציסטים: Lock, About Human Understanding; ברקלי, עקרונות הידע האנושי; 3 דיאלוגים בנושא הבנת האדם ונוגע לדת הטבע (אנג "). ‏ מבוא: בשלהי המאה ה-17 ותחילת המאה ה-18, האמפיריציזם הבריטי התגלה כאסכולת המחשבה השלטת בפילוסופיה, ועיצב את האופן שבו מובנים הידע והמציאות. אוסף מאמרים זה של שלושה הוגים רבי השפעה - ג "ון לוק, ג" ורג "ברקלי ודייוויד יום - עוקב אחר עלייתו ונפילתו של האמפיריציזם, מראשיתו ועד סופו. ככל שנתעמק בעבודתם, נחקור כיצד התנועה הפילוסופית הזו השפיעה על הבנתנו את החוויה האנושית, את טבעה של המציאות, ואת גבולות הידע. חיבורו של לוק: Lock's Essay Control Human Understanding (1689) יזם אמפיריציזם וטען שכל הידע נובע מניסיון ותחושה. הוא טען שרעיונות מולדים אינם קיימים, ושהבנתנו בנויה על בסיס מידע חושי. בעבודתו הוא קרא תיגר על השקפת הזרם המרכזי של הרציונליזם, שטענה שהידע נובע מהגיון ורעיונות מולדים.''
Editörler, tarihsel durumu ve anlaşmazlığın temel özelliklerini özetleyen ve metinleri neden kronolojik sırayla sunmaya karar verdiklerini açıklayan bir giriş sundular. Ampiristler: Locke, İnsan Anlayışına İlişkin; Berkeley, İnsan Bilgisinin İlkeleri; 3 Diyaloglar, Hume, İnsan Anlayışı ve Doğal Dinle İlgili. 17. yüzyılın sonlarında ve 18. yüzyılın başlarında, İngiliz ampirizmi, felsefede egemen düşünce okulu olarak ortaya çıkmış, bilgi ve gerçekliğin anlaşılma şeklini şekillendirmiştir. Üç etkili düşünür - John Locke, George Berkeley ve David Hume - tarafından yazılan bu makale koleksiyonu, ampirizmin yükselişini ve düşüşünü, başlangıcından nihai ölümüne kadar izler. Çalışmalarını daha derinlemesine incelerken, bu felsefi hareketin insan deneyimi, gerçekliğin doğası ve bilginin sınırları hakkındaki anlayışımızı nasıl etkilediğini keşfedeceğiz. Locke'un denemesi: Locke'un İnsan Anlayışına İlişkin Denemesi (1689), tüm bilginin deneyim ve duygudan geldiğini savunarak ampirizmi başlattı. Doğuştan gelen fikirlerin var olmadığını ve anlayışımızın duyusal veriler temelinde inşa edildiğini savundu. Çalışmalarında, bilginin akıl ve doğuştan gelen fikirlerden türetildiğini savunan rasyonalizmin ana görüşüne meydan okudu.
قدم المحررون مقدمة تلخص الحالة التاريخية والسمات الرئيسية للنزاع وتوضح سبب قرارهم تقديم النصوص بترتيب زمني. The Empiricists: Locke, Concerning Human Integration; Berkeley, Principles of Human Knowledge; 3 حوارات، هيوم، بشأن التفاهم البشري والدين الطبيعي. المقدمة: في أواخر القرن السابع عشر وأوائل القرن الثامن عشر، ظهرت التجريبية البريطانية كمدرسة فكرية مهيمنة في الفلسفة، وشكلت طريقة فهم المعرفة والواقع. تتتبع هذه المجموعة من المقالات لثلاثة مفكرين مؤثرين - جون لوك وجورج بيركلي وديفيد هيوم - صعود وسقوط التجريبية، من بداياتها إلى زوالها في نهاية المطاف. بينما نتعمق أكثر في عملهم، سنستكشف كيف أثرت هذه الحركة الفلسفية على فهمنا للتجربة البشرية وطبيعة الواقع وحدود المعرفة. بدأ مقال لوك: مقال لوك حول التفاهم البشري (1689) التجريبية، بحجة أن كل المعرفة تأتي من التجربة والشعور. وقال إن الأفكار الفطرية غير موجودة، وأن فهمنا مبني على أساس البيانات الحسية. في عمله، تحدى النظرة السائدة للعقلانية، التي جادلت بأن المعرفة مشتقة من العقل والأفكار الفطرية.
편집자들은 분쟁의 역사적 상황과 주요 특징을 요약하고 왜 텍스트를 시간 순서대로 제시하기로 결정했는지 설명하는 소개를 발표했습니다. 경험가들: 인간 이해에 관한 로크; 버클리, 인간 지식의 원리; 3 인간 이해 및 자연 종교에 관한 대화. 소개: 17 세기 후반과 18 세기 초 영국의 경험주의는 철학에서 지배적 인 사고 학교로 등장하여 지식과 현실이 이해되는 방식을 형성했습니다. 존 로크, 조지 버클리, 데이비드 ume 등 3 명의 영향력있는 사상가들에 의한이 에세이 모음은 처음부터 끝까지 경험주의의 부상과 하락을 추적합니다. 우리는 그들의 작업에 대해 더 깊이 파고 들면서이 철학적 운동이 인간의 경험, 현실의 본질 및 지식의 한계에 대한 우리의 이해에 어떤 영향을 미쳤는지 탐구 할 것입니다. 로크의 에세이: 인간 이해에 관한 로크의 에세이 (1689) 는 모든 지식이 경험과 느낌에서 비롯된다고 주장하면서 경험주의를 시작했다. 그는 타고난 아이디어는 존재하지 않으며 우리의 이해는 감각 데이터를 기반으로한다고 주장했다. 그의 작품에서 그는 합리주의에 대한 주류 견해에 도전했으며, 이는 지식이 이성과 타고난 아이디어에서 비롯된 것이라고 주장했다.
編輯們介紹了導言,簡要介紹了爭端的歷史背景和主要特點,並解釋了他們為什麼決定按時間順序提交案文。The Empiricists: Locke, Concerning Human Understanding;伯克利,人類知識原則;3 Dialogues, Hume, Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning Natural Religion.簡介:在17世紀末和18世紀初,英國經驗主義成為哲學中的主導思想流派,形成了理解知識和現實的方式。這三位有影響力的思想家JohnLocke、GeorgeBerkeley和DavidHume的論文集追溯了經驗主義的興衰,從它的起源到它最終的衰落。當我們深入研究他們的作品時,我們將研究這種哲學運動如何影響我們對人類經驗,現實本質和知識極限的理解。洛克(Locke)的論文:洛克(Locke)的Essay Concerning Human Understanding(1689)為經驗主義的開始奠定了基礎,認為所有知識都來自經驗和感官。他認為,與生俱來的想法並不存在,我們的理解是基於感官數據的。在他的作品中,他挑戰了理性主義的普遍觀點,理性主義認為知識是從理性和先天思想中推論出來的。

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