BOOKS - MILITARY HISTORY - The Medieval Castles of Wales
The Medieval Castles of Wales -   PDF University of Wales Press 2010 BOOKS MILITARY HISTORY
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The Medieval Castles of Wales
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Medieval Castles of Wales: A Study in Technological Evolution and Human Survival Introduction: In the rolling hills and lush landscapes of Wales, there stands a testament to the ingenuity and resilience of human civilization - the medieval castles. These imposing structures, built between the 11th and 13th centuries, represent a pinnacle of technological achievement and a symbol of the enduring power of human imagination. This article delves into the history and significance of these castles, exploring their role in shaping the course of human progress and the importance of understanding their technological evolution. The Early Castles: The earliest castles in Wales date back to the 11th century, when the Normans conquered the region and began constructing fortifications to secure their hold on the land. These early castles were simple, motte-and-bailey designs, consisting of a mound of earth or stone surrounded by a moat and protected by wooden palisades. As time passed, these structures evolved into more sophisticated designs, incorporating elements of Roman architecture and engineering techniques. The Normans introduced the concept of concentric walls, with multiple layers of defense and protection.
Средневековые замки Уэльса: Исследование технологической эволюции и выживания человека Введение: В холмистых холмах и пышных ландшафтах Уэльса есть свидетельство изобретательности и устойчивости человеческой цивилизации - средневековые замки. Эти внушительные сооружения, построенные между XI и XIII веками, представляют собой вершину технологических достижений и символ непреходящей силы человеческого воображения. Эта статья углубляется в историю и значение этих замков, исследуя их роль в формировании хода человеческого прогресса и важность понимания их технологической эволюции. Ранние замки: самые ранние замки в Уэльсе датируются XI веком, когда норманны завоевали регион и начали строить укрепления, чтобы обеспечить своё удержание на земле. Эти ранние замки были простыми, motte-and-bailey проектами, состоящими из насыпи земли или камня, окруженной рвом и защищенной деревянными палисадами. Со временем эти структуры эволюционировали в более сложные проекты, включающие элементы римской архитектуры и инженерных методов. Норманны ввели понятие концентрических стен, с несколькими слоями защиты и защиты.
Castelli medievali del Galles: ricerca sull'evoluzione tecnologica e la sopravvivenza dell'uomo Introduzione: nelle colline e nei paesaggi esuberanti del Galles c'è una testimonianza dell'ingegno e della resilienza della civiltà umana - castelli medievali. Queste imponenti strutture, costruite tra l'XI e il XIII secolo, rappresentano il vertice dei progressi tecnologici e il simbolo del potere costante dell'immaginazione umana. Questo articolo approfondisce la storia e il significato di questi castelli, esplorando il loro ruolo nella formazione del progresso umano e l'importanza di comprendere la loro evoluzione tecnologica. I primi castelli del Galles risalgono all'XI secolo, quando i normani conquistarono la regione e cominciarono a costruire fortificazioni per garantire la loro tenuta sulla terra. Questi primi castelli erano progetti semplici, motte-and-bailey, costituiti da un solco di terra o roccia circondato da un fossato e protetto da palisadi di legno. Nel tempo, queste strutture si sono evolute in progetti più complessi, che comprendono elementi di architettura romana e tecniche ingegneristiche. I normanni hanno introdotto il concetto di pareti concentriche, con più strati di protezione e protezione.
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中世のウェールズ城:技術進化と人間の生存の研究はじめに:ウェールズの丘陵と緑豊かな風景には、中世の城-人間の文明の創意工夫と弾力性の証拠があります。11世紀から13世紀の間に建てられたこれらの印象的な構造は、技術的成果の頂点と人間の想像力の永続的な力の象徴を表しています。本稿では、これらの城の歴史と意義を掘り下げ、人間の進歩の過程を形作る役割とその技術進化を理解することの重要性を探る。初期の城:ウェールズで最も初期の城は11世紀にさかのぼり、ノルマン人がこの地域を征服し、地面に保持するための要塞を建設し始めた。これらの初期の城は、土や石を堀に囲まれ、木製の宮殿で保護された、シンプルなモットとベイリーのデザインでした。時間が経つにつれて、これらの構造はローマ建築と工学手法の要素を取り入れたより複雑な設計に進化しました。ノルマン人は同心円状の壁の概念を導入し、保護と保護のいくつかの層を持つ。

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