From Ambivalence to Betrayal: The Left, the Jews, and Israel In this groundbreaking study, Robert S. Wistrich delves into the transformation of attitudes towards the Jews, Zionism, and Israel on the Left since the 1840s, uncovering a striking continuity in negative stereotypes and contempt for Judaism and Jewish national self-determination. From Karl Marx to contemporary left-wing intellectuals, Wistrich reveals how and why the Left has emerged as a spearhead of anti-Israel sentiment, while also providing new insights into the involvement of Jews in radical movements. The book features fascinating portraits of figures such as Marx, Moses Hess, Bernard Lazare, Rosa Luxemburg, and Leon Trotsky, as well as an analysis of the darker side of socialist and communist antisemitism. In the final section, Wistrich eloquently exposes the degeneration of leftist anti-Zionist critiques into a novel form of anti-racism that has become a dominant force in modern times. Throughout history, the relationship between the Left and the Jewish community has been complex and multifaceted, marked by both solidarity and betrayal. This book provides a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of these attitudes, shedding light on the need to study and understand the technological process of developing modern knowledge as the basis for human survival and unity in a warring world.

''