BOOKS - Free Trade and Frustration: Anglo-Austrian Negotiations 1860-70
Free Trade and Frustration: Anglo-Austrian Negotiations 1860-70 - Karl F Helleiner December 15, 1973 PDF  BOOKS
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Free Trade and Frustration: Anglo-Austrian Negotiations 1860-70
Author: Karl F Helleiner
Year: December 15, 1973
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 7.2 MB
Language: English



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Free Trade and Frustration Anglo-Austrian Negotiations, 1860-70 The book "Free Trade and Frustration Anglo-Austrian Negotiations, 1860-70" delves into the history of British efforts to promote free trade in Europe during the tumultuous decade of the 1860s. The book highlights the challenges faced by British diplomats and businessmen as they tried to spread the gospel of free trade amidst protectionist sentiments in other nations. The author draws heavily from primary sources such as the Austrian State archives and the Public Record Office in London to provide a comprehensive understanding of European commercial diplomacy during this pivotal period. The book begins with an overview of the British system of free trade and its impact on global economic growth and amity among nations. It then delves into the intricate negotiations between Britain and Austria, revealing the personal influences that shaped imperial and imperialist policies. The author argues that studying the technological process of developing modern knowledge is crucial for human survival and unity in a warring world. During the 1860s, Britain's patient endeavors to convert other nations to the policy of free trade were met with resistance from European powers.
Свободная торговля и разочарование англо-австрийские переговоры, 1860-70 Книга «Свободная торговля и разочарование англо-австрийские переговоры, 1860-70» углубляется в историю британских усилий по содействию свободной торговле в Европе во время бурного десятилетия 1860-х годов. В книге освещаются проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются британские дипломаты и бизнесмены, пытаясь распространить Евангелие свободной торговли среди протекционистских настроений в других странах. Автор в значительной степени опирается на первичные источники, такие как государственные архивы Австрии и Управление общественного учета в Лондоне, чтобы обеспечить всестороннее понимание европейской коммерческой дипломатии в этот ключевой период. Книга начинается с обзора британской системы свободной торговли и ее влияния на глобальный экономический рост и дружбу между нациями. Затем он углубляется в сложные переговоры между Великобританией и Австрией, раскрывая личные влияния, которые формировали имперскую и империалистическую политику. Автор утверждает, что изучение технологического процесса развития современных знаний имеет решающее значение для выживания и единства человека в воюющем мире. В 1860-х годах терпеливые попытки Великобритании обратить другие нации в политику свободной торговли были встречены сопротивлением европейских держав.
libre-échange et la déception des négociations anglo-autrichiennes, 1860-70 livre « libre-échange et la déception des négociations anglo-autrichiennes, 1860-70 » s'inscrit dans l'histoire des efforts britanniques pour promouvoir le libre-échange en Europe pendant la décennie agitée des années 1860. livre met en lumière les défis auxquels sont confrontés les diplomates et les hommes d'affaires britanniques en essayant de diffuser l'évangile du libre-échange aux sentiments protectionnistes dans d'autres pays. L'auteur s'appuie largement sur des sources primaires telles que les archives publiques autrichiennes et le Bureau de la comptabilité publique de Londres pour s'assurer que la diplomatie commerciale européenne est bien comprise pendant cette période clé. livre commence par un examen du système de libre-échange britannique et de son impact sur la croissance économique mondiale et l'amitié entre les nations. Il s'enfonce ensuite dans les difficiles négociations entre la Grande-Bretagne et l'Autriche, révélant les influences personnelles qui ont façonné les politiques impérialistes et impérialistes. L'auteur affirme que l'étude du processus technologique de développement des connaissances modernes est essentielle à la survie et à l'unité de l'homme dans un monde en guerre. Dans les années 1860, les tentatives patientes du Royaume-Uni de convertir d'autres nations à une politique de libre-échange ont été accueillies par la résistance des puissances européennes.
libre comercio y la frustración de las negociaciones anglo-austríacas, 1860-70 libro «libre comercio y la frustración de las negociaciones anglo-austríacas, 1860-70» profundiza en la historia de los esfuerzos británicos para promover el libre comercio en durante la turbulenta década de 1860. libro destaca los problemas que enfrentan diplomáticos y empresarios británicos al tratar de difundir el Evangelio del Libre Comercio entre sentimientos proteccionistas en otros países. autor se basa en gran medida en fuentes primarias, como los archivos estatales de Austria y la Oficina de Contabilidad Pública de Londres, para asegurar una comprensión integral de la diplomacia comercial europea durante este período clave. libro comienza con una revisión del sistema de libre comercio británico y su impacto en el crecimiento económico global y la amistad entre las naciones. Luego profundiza en las complejas negociaciones entre Gran Bretaña y Austria, revelando las influencias personales que dieron forma a las políticas imperialistas e imperialistas. autor sostiene que el estudio del proceso tecnológico para el desarrollo del conocimiento moderno es crucial para la supervivencia y la unidad del hombre en un mundo en guerra. En la década de 1860, los intentos pacientes de Gran Bretaña de convertir a otras naciones en una política de libre comercio se encontraron con la resistencia de las potencias europeas.
Livre comércio e frustração das negociações anglo-austríacas, 1860-70 O livro «Livre comércio e frustração das negociações anglo-austríacas, 1860-70» aprofundou-se na história dos esforços britânicos para promover o livre comércio na durante a agitada década de 1860. O livro mostra os desafios que diplomatas e empresários britânicos enfrentam ao tentar espalhar o Evangelho do Livre Comércio entre os sentimentos protecionistas em outros países. O autor baseia-se em grande parte em fontes primárias, como os arquivos estatais da Áustria e o Departamento de Contabilidade Pública de Londres, para garantir que a diplomacia comercial europeia seja plenamente compreendida neste período-chave. O livro começa com uma revisão do sistema de livre comércio britânico e seus efeitos sobre o crescimento econômico global e a amizade entre as nações. Depois, aprofundou-se nas difíceis negociações entre a Grã-Bretanha e a Áustria, revelando as influências pessoais que moldavam as políticas imperiais e imperialistas. O autor afirma que estudar o processo tecnológico de desenvolvimento do conhecimento moderno é fundamental para a sobrevivência e a unidade do homem no mundo em guerra. Na década de 1860, os esforços pacientes do Reino Unido para transformar outras nações em políticas de livre comércio foram recebidos pela resistência das potências europeias.
Libero commercio e delusione delle trattative anglo-austriache, 1860-70 Il libro «Libero commercio e delusione delle trattative anglo-austriache, 1860-70» approfondisce la storia degli sforzi britannici per promuovere il libero scambio in durante il grande decennio del 1860. Il libro mette in luce i problemi che i diplomatici e gli imprenditori britannici affrontano nel tentativo di diffondere il vangelo del libero scambio tra i sentimenti protezionistici di altri paesi. L'autore si basa in gran parte su fonti primarie, come gli archivi governativi austriaci e la Pubblica Contabilità di Londra, per garantire una piena comprensione della diplomazia commerciale europea in questo periodo chiave. Il libro inizia con una panoramica del sistema britannico di libero scambio e il suo impatto sulla crescita economica globale e l'amicizia tra le nazioni. approfondisce poi nella complessa trattativa tra il Regno Unito e l'Austria, rivelando le influenze personali che hanno formato la politica imperialista e imperialista. L'autore sostiene che studiare il processo tecnologico di sviluppo delle conoscenze moderne è fondamentale per la sopravvivenza e l'unità dell'uomo nel mondo in guerra. Nel 1860, i tentativi pazienti del Regno Unito di trasformare altre nazioni in politiche di libero scambio furono accolti dalla resistenza delle potenze europee.
Freihandel und Frustration der anglo-österreichischen Verhandlungen, 1860-70 Das Buch „Freihandel und Frustration der anglo-österreichischen Verhandlungen, 1860-70“ taucht in die Geschichte der britischen Bemühungen ein, den Freihandel in während des turbulenten Jahrzehnts der 1860er Jahre zu fördern. Das Buch hebt die Probleme hervor, mit denen britische Diplomaten und Geschäftsleute konfrontiert sind, wenn sie versuchen, das Evangelium des Freihandels inmitten protektionistischer Gefühle in anderen Ländern zu verbreiten. Der Autor stützt sich stark auf Primärquellen wie die österreichischen Staatsarchive und die Public Accounting Authority in London, um ein umfassendes Verständnis der europäischen Handelsdiplomatie in dieser Schlüsselperiode zu vermitteln. Das Buch beginnt mit einem Überblick über das britische Freihandelssystem und seine Auswirkungen auf das globale Wirtschaftswachstum und die Freundschaft zwischen den Nationen. Dann taucht er in die schwierigen Verhandlungen zwischen Großbritannien und Österreich ein und enthüllt die persönlichen Einflüsse, die die imperiale und imperialistische Politik prägten. Der Autor argumentiert, dass das Studium des technologischen Prozesses der Entwicklung des modernen Wissens für das Überleben und die Einheit des Menschen in einer kriegerischen Welt von entscheidender Bedeutung ist. In den 1860er Jahren trafen die geduldigen Versuche Großbritanniens, andere Nationen in eine Freihandelspolitik zu verwandeln, auf den Widerstand der europäischen Mächte.
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Anglo-Avusturya Müzakerelerinde Serbest Ticaret ve Hayal Kırıklığı, 1860-70 "Anglo-Avusturya Müzakerelerinde Serbest Ticaret ve Hayal Kırıklığı, 1860-70" kitabı, 1860'ların çalkantılı on yılı boyunca Avrupa'da serbest ticareti teşvik etme çabalarının tarihini inceliyor. Kitap, İngiliz diplomatların ve işadamlarının diğer ülkelerdeki korumacı duygular arasında serbest ticaret müjdesini yaymaya çalışırken karşılaştıkları zorlukları vurgulamaktadır. Yazar, bu önemli dönemde Avrupa ticari diplomasisinin kapsamlı bir şekilde anlaşılmasını sağlamak için Avusturya'nın kamu arşivleri ve Londra'daki Kamu Muhasebesi Ofisi gibi birincil kaynaklardan yararlanmaktadır. Kitap, İngiliz serbest ticaret sistemine ve bunun küresel ekonomik büyüme ve ülkeler arasındaki dostluk üzerindeki etkisine genel bir bakış ile başlıyor. Daha sonra, Britanya ile Avusturya arasındaki karmaşık müzakerelere giriyor ve emperyalist ve emperyalist siyaseti şekillendiren kişisel etkileri ortaya koyuyor. Yazar, modern bilginin gelişiminin teknolojik sürecinin incelenmesinin, savaşan bir dünyada insanın hayatta kalması ve birliği için çok önemli olduğunu savunuyor. 1860'larda, İngiltere'nin diğer ulusları serbest ticaret politikalarına dönüştürmeye yönelik sabırlı girişimleri, Avrupa güçlerinin direnişiyle karşılandı.
التجارة الحرة وخيبة الأمل في المفاوضات الأنجلو-نمساوية، 1860-70 كتاب «التجارة الحرة وخيبة الأمل في المفاوضات الأنجلو-نمساوية» 1860-70 يتعمق في تاريخ الجهود البريطانية لتعزيز التجارة الحرة في أوروبا خلال العقد المضطرب من ستينيات القرن التاسع عشر. يسلط الكتاب الضوء على التحديات التي يواجهها الدبلوماسيون ورجال الأعمال البريطانيون في محاولة نشر إنجيل التجارة الحرة بين المشاعر الحمائية في البلدان الأخرى. يعتمد المؤلف بشكل كبير على المصادر الأساسية مثل المحفوظات العامة في النمسا ومكتب المحاسبة العامة في لندن لتوفير فهم شامل للدبلوماسية التجارية الأوروبية خلال هذه الفترة الحاسمة. يبدأ الكتاب بلمحة عامة عن نظام التجارة الحرة البريطاني وتأثيره على النمو الاقتصادي العالمي والصداقة بين الدول. ثم يتعمق في المفاوضات المعقدة بين بريطانيا والنمسا، ويكشف عن التأثيرات الشخصية التي شكلت السياسة الإمبراطورية والإمبريالية. ويقول المؤلف إن دراسة العملية التكنولوجية لتطوير المعرفة الحديثة أمر حاسم لبقاء الإنسان ووحدته في عالم متحارب. في ستينيات القرن التاسع عشر، قوبلت محاولات بريطانيا الصبورة لتحويل الدول الأخرى إلى سياسات التجارة الحرة بمقاومة من القوى الأوروبية.

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