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The Innovation Paradox: Developing-Country Capabilities and the Unrealized Promise of Technological Catch-Up - Xavier Cirera October 2, 2017 PDF  BOOKS
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The Innovation Paradox: Developing-Country Capabilities and the Unrealized Promise of Technological Catch-Up
Author: Xavier Cirera
Year: October 2, 2017
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 16 MB
Language: English



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The Innovation Paradox: Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealized Promise of Technological Catch-Up As the world grapples with the challenges of technological advancements, economic growth, and global development, a fundamental question arises: why do developing countries struggle to realize the potential of technological catch-up despite significant investments in research and development (R&D)? This paradox is the central theme of "The Innovation Paradox: Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealized Promise of Technological Catch-Up" by Marshall et al. (2017). The authors delve into the reasons behind this phenomenon, highlighting the crucial factors that hinder the realization of productivity gains in developing countries. This article provides a detailed description of the plot, adapting the text for human perception in a simplified and accessible format. The Plot The book begins by positing that vast productivity gains can be achieved through investment in innovation and technological catch-up (Schumpeter's argument), yet developing countries fail to realize these gains due to the lack of complementary physical and human capital factors.
The Innovation Paradox: Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealized Promise of Technological Catch-Up По мере того, как мир борется с проблемами технологического прогресса, экономического роста и глобального развития, возникает фундаментальный вопрос: почему развивающиеся страны изо всех сил пытаются реализовать потенциал технологического наверстывания, несмотря на значительные инвестиции в исследования и разработки (НИОКР)? Этот парадокс является центральной темой «The Innovation Paradox: Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealized Promise of Technological Catch-Up» Маршалла и др. (2017). Авторы углубляются в причины этого явления, выделяя важнейшие факторы, препятствующие реализации роста производительности в развивающихся странах. В данной статье представлено подробное описание сюжета, адаптирующее текст для человеческого восприятия в упрощённом и доступном формате. Сюжет Книга начинается с утверждения, что огромный прирост производительности может быть достигнут за счет инвестиций в инновации и технологическое наверстывание (аргумент Шумпетера), однако развивающиеся страны не могут реализовать эти выгоды из-за отсутствия взаимодополняющих факторов физического и человеческого капитала.
The Innovation Paradox : Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealized Promise of Technology Catch-Up Alors que le monde est aux prises avec les défis du progrès technologique, de la croissance économique et du développement mondial, la question fondamentale se pose : pourquoi les pays en développement ont-ils du mal à réaliser le potentiel de rattrapage technologique, malgré des investissements considérables dans la recherche et développement (R &D) ? Ce paradoxe est le thème central de « The Innovation Paradox : Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealized Promise of Technology Catch-Up » de Marshall et al. (2017). s auteurs examinent les causes de ce phénomène en mettant en évidence les principaux facteurs qui entravent la croissance de la productivité dans les pays en développement. Cet article présente une description détaillée de l'histoire, adaptant le texte pour la perception humaine dans un format simplifié et accessible. L'histoire du Livre commence par affirmer que d'énormes gains de productivité peuvent être réalisés par des investissements dans l'innovation et le rattrapage technologique (argument de Schumpeter), mais les pays en développement ne peuvent pas réaliser ces avantages en raison de l'absence de facteurs complémentaires du capital physique et humain.
The Innovation Paradox: Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealized Promise of Technological Catch-Up A medida que el mundo lucha contra los desafíos del progreso tecnológico, el crecimiento económico y el desarrollo global, surge la pregunta fundamental: Está luchando por aprovechar el potencial de la recuperación tecnológica a pesar de las importantes inversiones en investigación y desarrollo (I + D)? Esta paradoja es el tema central de «The Innovation Paradox: Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealized Promise of Technological Catch-Up» de Marshall et al. (2017). autores profundizan en las causas del fenómeno, destacando los factores cruciales que impiden la realización del crecimiento de la productividad en los países en desarrollo. Este artículo presenta una descripción detallada de la trama, adaptando el texto para la percepción humana en un formato simplificado y accesible. La trama libro comienza con la afirmación de que se pueden lograr enormes ganancias de productividad a través de inversiones en innovación y recuperación tecnológica (argumento de Schumpeter), pero los países en desarrollo no pueden realizar estos beneficios debido a la falta de factores complementarios del capital físico y humano.
The Inovation Paradox: Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealization Promise of Technological Catch-Up À medida que o mundo luta contra os desafios do progresso tecnológico, do crescimento econômico e do desenvolvimento global, há uma questão fundamental: por que os países em desenvolvimento estão a esforçar-se para alcançar o potencial de recomposição tecnológica, apesar de grandes investimentos em pesquisa e desenvolvimento Desenvolvimento (I &D)? Este paradoxo é o tema central de «The Inovation Paradox: Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealization Promise of Technological Catch-Up» Marshall, etc (2017). Os autores se aprofundam sobre as causas deste fenômeno, destacando os fatores mais importantes que impedem a realização do crescimento da produtividade nos países em desenvolvimento. Este artigo apresenta uma descrição detalhada da história que adapta o texto para a percepção humana em um formato simplificado e acessível. A história do Livro começa com a afirmação de que o enorme ganho de produtividade pode ser obtido com investimentos em inovação e recuperação tecnológica (argumento de Schumpeter), mas os países em desenvolvimento não conseguem realizar esses benefícios por falta de fatores complementares de capital físico e humano.
The Innovation Paradox: Developing Country Capabilities and Unrealization Promise of Technological Catch-Up Mentre il mondo affronta i problemi del progresso tecnologico, della crescita economica e dello sviluppo globale, si pone una domanda fondamentale: perché i paesi in via di sviluppo stanno cercando di realizzare il potenziale del recupero tecnologico, nonostante importanti investimenti in ricerca e sviluppo Sviluppo (R &D)? Questo paradosso è il tema centrale dì The Innovation Paradox: Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealization Promise of Technological Catch-Up "di Marshall et al (2017). Gli autori stanno approfondendo le cause di questo fenomeno, evidenziando i principali fattori che ostacolano la crescita della produttività nei paesi in via di sviluppo. Questo articolo fornisce una descrizione dettagliata della trama che adatta il testo per la percezione umana in un formato semplificato e accessibile. La trama del inizia affermando che un enorme aumento della produttività può essere ottenuto investendo in innovazione e nel recupero tecnologico (argomentazione di Schumpeter), ma i paesi in via di sviluppo non riescono a realizzare questi benefici a causa della mancanza di fattori complementari di capitale fisico e umano.
The Innovation Paradox: Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealized Promise of Technological Catch-Up Während die Welt mit den Herausforderungen des technologischen Fortschritts, des Wirtschaftswachstums und der globalen Entwicklung zu kämpfen hat, stellt sich die grundlegende Frage, warum Entwicklungsländer trotz erheblicher Investitionen in Forschung und Entwicklung Schwierigkeiten haben, technologische Aufholpotenziale zu realisieren (F &E)? Dieses Paradoxon ist das zentrale Thema von „The Innovation Paradox: Developing Country Capabilities and the Unrealized Promise of Technological Catch-Up“ von Marshall et al. (2017). Die Autoren gehen auf die Ursachen dieses Phänomens ein, indem sie die wichtigsten Faktoren hervorheben, die die Verwirklichung des Produktivitätswachstums in Entwicklungsländern behindern. Dieser Artikel enthält eine detaillierte Beschreibung der Handlung, die den Text für die menschliche Wahrnehmung in einem vereinfachten und zugänglichen Format anpasst. Das Buch beginnt mit der Behauptung, dass enorme Produktivitätsgewinne durch Investitionen in Innovation und technologische Aufholjagd erzielt werden können (Schumpeters Argument), aber Entwicklungsländer können diese Vorteile aufgrund des Fehlens komplementärer Faktoren des physischen und menschlichen Kapitals nicht realisieren.
פרדוקס החדשנות: פיתוח יכולות מדינה והבטחה לא ממומשת של תפיסה טכנולוגית כפי שהעולם מתמודד עם האתגרים של התקדמות טכנולוגית, צמיחה כלכלית ופיתוח גלובלי, שאלה בסיסית היא מדוע מדינות מתפתחות מתקשות לממש את הפוטנציאל של התעדכנות טכנולוגית למרות השקעה משמעותית במחקר ופיתוח (מו "פ)? פרדוקס זה הוא הנושא המרכזי של ”פרדוקס החדשנות: פיתוח יכולות מדינה והבטחה לא ממומשת של תפיסה טכנולוגית” מאת מרשל אט אל. (2017). המחברים מתעמקים בגורמים לתופעה זו ומדגישים את הגורמים החשובים ביותר המעכבים את מימוש צמיחת הפריון במדינות מתפתחות. מאמר זה מספק תיאור מפורט של העלילה, ומתאים את הטקסט לתפיסה האנושית בפורמט מפושט ונגיש. הספר מתחיל בקביעה שניתן להשיג רווחי פרודוקטיביות עצומים באמצעות השקעות בחדשנות והשלמה טכנולוגית (טענתו של שומפטר), אך מדינות מתפתחות אינן יכולות לממש את היתרונות הללו בשל היעדר גורמים משלימים של הון פיזי ואנושי.''
İnovasyon Paradoksu: Gelişmekte Olan Ülke Yetenekleri ve Gerçekleştirilmemiş Teknolojik Yakalama Vaadi Dünya, teknolojik ilerleme, ekonomik büyüme ve küresel kalkınmanın zorluklarıyla boğuşurken, temel bir soru, gelişmekte olan ülkelerin neden araştırma ve geliştirmeye (Ar-Ge) yapılan önemli yatırımlara rağmen teknolojik yakalama potansiyelini gerçekleştirmek için mücadele ediyor? Bu paradoks, Marshall ve ark. "İnovasyon Paradoksu: Gelişmekte Olan Ülke Yetenekleri ve Teknolojik Yakalamanın Gerçekleşmemiş Vaadi'nin ana temasıdır. (2017). Yazarlar, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde verimlilik artışının gerçekleşmesini engelleyen en önemli faktörleri vurgulayarak bu fenomenin nedenlerini araştırıyorlar. Bu makale, metnin insan algısı için basitleştirilmiş ve erişilebilir bir biçimde uyarlanmasıyla ilgili ayrıntılı bir açıklama sunmaktadır. Kitap, inovasyona ve teknolojik yakalamaya yapılan yatırımlarla büyük verimlilik kazanımlarının elde edilebileceği iddiasıyla başlıyor (Schumpeter'in argümanı), ancak gelişmekte olan ülkeler, fiziksel ve beşeri sermayenin tamamlayıcı faktörlerinin eksikliği nedeniyle bu faydaları gerçekleştiremiyor.
مفارقة الابتكار: قدرات البلدان النامية والوعد غير المحقق باللحاق بالركب التكنولوجي بينما يتصارع العالم مع تحديات التقدم التكنولوجي والنمو الاقتصادي والتنمية العالمية، هناك سؤال أساسي هو لماذا تكافح البلدان النامية لتحقيق إمكانات اللحاق بالركب التكنولوجي على الرغم من الاستثمار الكبير في البحث والتطوير ؟ هذه المفارقة هي الموضوع الرئيسي لـ «مفارقة الابتكار: قدرات البلدان النامية والوعد غير المتحقق للحاق بالركب التكنولوجي» بقلم مارشال وآخرون. (2017). يتعمق المؤلفون في أسباب هذه الظاهرة، ويسلطون الضوء على أهم العوامل التي تعيق تحقيق نمو الإنتاجية في البلدان النامية. تقدم هذه المقالة وصفًا مفصلاً للحبكة، وتكييف النص للإدراك البشري في شكل مبسط ويمكن الوصول إليه. يبدأ الكتاب بالتأكيد على أن مكاسب الإنتاجية الهائلة يمكن تحقيقها من خلال الاستثمار في الابتكار واللحاق بالركب التكنولوجي (حجة شومبيتر)، لكن البلدان النامية لا تستطيع تحقيق هذه الفوائد بسبب عدم وجود عوامل تكميلية لرأس المال المادي والبشري.
혁신 역설: 기술 발전, 경제 성장 및 글로벌 개발의 과제로 세계가 어려움을 겪으면서 개발 도상국이 연구 개발에 대한 상당한 투자에도 불구하고 기술 따라 잡기 (R &D)? 이 역설은 Marshall 등의 "혁신 역설: 국가 능력 개발 및 기술 캐치 업의 실현되지 않은 약속" 의 중심 주제입니다. (2017). 저자들은이 현상의 원인을 조사하여 개발 도상국의 생산성 성장 실현을 방해하는 가장 중요한 요소를 강조합니다. 이 기사는 음모에 대한 자세한 설명을 제공하여 인간의 인식을위한 텍스트를 단순화되고 접근 가능한 형식으로 조정합니다. 이 책은 혁신과 기술 캐치 업 (Schumpeter의 주장) 에 대한 투자를 통해 막대한 생산성 향상을 달성 할 수 있다는 주장으로 시작하지만 개발 도상국은 물리적 및 인적 자본의 보완 적 요소가 없기 때문에 이러한 이점을 실현할 수 없습니다.
創新綱領:發展國家能力和無法實現的技術承諾隨著世界應對技術進步、經濟增長和全球發展的挑戰,出現了一個根本問題:為什麼發展中國家盡管在研究方面進行了大量投資,但仍在努力實現技術追趕的潛力?和開發(研發)?這個悖論是Marshall等人(2017)的中心主題「創新遊行:發展鄉村資本和技術捕獲的無意識承諾」。作者深入探討了這一現象的根源,強調了阻礙發展中國家實現生產力增長的重要因素。本文對情節進行了詳細的描述,以簡化且易於訪問的格式調整了文本以適應人類的感知。情節本書首先指出,可以通過投資創新和技術追趕來實現巨大的生產率收益(Shumpeter的論點),但是由於缺乏物質和人力資本的互補性,發展中國家無法實現這些收益。

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