BOOKS - By the Rivers of Water: A Nineteenth-Century Atlantic Odyssey
By the Rivers of Water: A Nineteenth-Century Atlantic Odyssey - Erskine Clarke October 8, 2013 PDF  BOOKS
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By the Rivers of Water: A Nineteenth-Century Atlantic Odyssey
Author: Erskine Clarke
Year: October 8, 2013
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 11 MB
Language: English



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By the Rivers of Water: A Nineteenth-Century Atlantic Odyssey In early November 1834, an aristocratic young couple from Savannah and South Carolina, Leighton and Jane Wilson, set sail from New York on a strange seventeen-year odyssey along the exotic coastline of West Africa. Their journey took them through diverse landscapes, peoples, and cultures, and they encountered individuals on their own odysseys, including Paul Sansay, a former slave from Savannah, Mworeh Mah, a brilliant Grebo leader, and his beautiful daughter Mary Clealand at Cape Palmas, and King Glass and the wise and humorous Toko in Gabon. The Wilsons had freed their inherited slaves and were determined to become the most influential American missionaries in West Africa during the first half of the nineteenth century. While Jane established schools, Leighton fought against the international slave trade and imperialism, translating portions of the Bible into Grebo and Mpongwe, laying the foundation for the emergence of indigenous African Christianity. Their odyssey was not without challenges, as they faced the harsh realities of the region's climate, diseases, and conflicts. Despite these obstacles, they persevered, driven by their deep faith and moral vision. However, as the Civil War approached, they found themselves torn between their years of fighting slavery and the seductive call of their Southern homeland.
У рек воды: атлантическая одиссея девятнадцатого века В начале ноября 1834 года аристократическая молодая пара из Саванны и Южной Каролины, Лейтон и Джейн Уилсон, отправилась из Нью-Йорка в странную семнадцатилетнюю одиссею вдоль экзотической береговой линии Западной Африки. Их путешествие привело их через различные ландшафты, народы и культуры, и они встретили людей на их собственных одиссеях, в том числе Пола Сансея, бывшего раба из Саванны, Мворех Ма, блестящего лидера Гребо, и его прекрасную дочь Мэри Клиланд на мысе Пальмас, и короля Гласса и мудрого и юмористического Токо в Габоне. Уилсоны освободили своих унаследованных рабов и были полны решимости стать самыми влиятельными американскими миссионерами в Западной Африке в первой половине девятнадцатого века. В то время как Джейн основала школы, Лейтон боролся против международной работорговли и империализма, переводя части Библии на языки гребо и мпонгве, заложив основу для возникновения коренного африканского христианства. Их одиссея не обошлась без вызовов, поскольку они столкнулись с суровыми реалиями климата региона, болезнями, конфликтами. Несмотря на эти препятствия, они упорствовали, движимые своей глубокой верой и нравственным видением. Однако по мере приближения Гражданской войны они оказались разрывающимися между годами борьбы с рабством и соблазнительным призывом их южной родины.
Au bord des rivières : l'odyssée atlantique du XIXe siècle Au début de novembre 1834, un jeune couple aristocratique de Savannah et de Caroline du Sud, Layton et Jane Wilson, partent de New York pour une étrange odyssée de dix-sept ans le long de la côte exotique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. ur voyage les a amenés à travers divers paysages, peuples et cultures, et ils ont rencontré des gens sur leurs propres odyssées, y compris Paul Sansei, un ancien esclave de Savannah, Mvoreh Ma, le brillant leader de Grebo, et sa belle fille Mary Cleland au Cap Palmas, et le roi Glass et le sage et humoristique Toko au Gabon. s Wilson libèrent leurs esclaves héréditaires et sont déterminés à devenir les missionnaires américains les plus influents d'Afrique de l'Ouest au cours de la première moitié du XIXe siècle. Alors que Jane fondait des écoles, Layton luttait contre la traite internationale des esclaves et l'impérialisme en traduisant des parties de la Bible en langues Pejo et Mpongwe, jetant les bases de l'émergence d'un christianisme africain indigène. ur odyssée n'a pas été sans défis, car ils ont été confrontés aux dures réalités climatiques de la région, aux maladies, aux conflits. Malgré ces obstacles, ils ont persévéré, animés par leur foi profonde et leur vision morale. Cependant, à l'approche de la guerre civile, ils se sont retrouvés déchirés entre des années de lutte contre l'esclavage et l'appel séduisant de leur patrie méridionale.
Por los ríos del agua: odisea atlántica del siglo XIX A principios de noviembre de 1834, una joven aristocrática pareja de Savannah y Carolina del Sur, yton y Jane Wilson, partió de Nueva York hacia una extraña odisea de diecisiete a lo largo de la costa exótica de África Occidental. Su viaje los llevó por diversos paisajes, pueblos y culturas, y conocieron a personas en sus propias odiseas, entre ellas Paul Sansei, un antiguo esclavo de Savannah, Mworeh Ma, brillante líder de Grebo, y su hermosa hija Mary Cliland en Cabo Palmas, y el rey Glass y el sabio y sabio Toko humorístico en Gabón. Wilson liberaron a sus esclavos heredados y estaban decididos a convertirse en los misioneros estadounidenses más influyentes en África Occidental en la primera mitad del siglo XIX. Mientras que Jane fundó escuelas, ighton luchó contra la trata internacional de esclavos y el imperialismo, traduciendo partes de la Biblia a lenguas credo y mpongwe, sentando las bases para el surgimiento del cristianismo africano indígena. Su odisea no estuvo exenta de desafíos, ya que se enfrentaron a duras realidades del clima de la región, enfermedades, conflictos. A pesar de estos obstáculos, perseveraron, impulsados por su profunda fe y visión moral. n embargo, a medida que se acercaba la Guerra Civil, se encontraron rompiendo entre los de lucha contra la esclavitud y la seductora llamada de su patria meridional.
Junto aos rios de água: uma odisseia atlântica do século XIX. No início de novembro de 1834, um jovem casal aristocrático de Savannah e Carolina do Sul, ighton e Jane Wilson, partiu de Nova York para uma estranha odisseia de 17 anos ao longo da exótica costa da África Ocidental. A sua viagem os levou através de várias paisagens, povos e culturas, e eles conheceram pessoas em suas próprias odisseias, incluindo Paul Sansei, um ex-escravo de Savannah, Mvoreh Ma, um brilhante líder de Grebo, e sua linda filha Mary Cliland em Cabo Palmas, e o rei Glass e o sábio e humorístico Toko no Gabão. Os Wilson libertaram seus escravos herdados e estavam determinados a tornar-se os missionários americanos mais poderosos da África Ocidental na primeira metade do século XIX. Enquanto Jane fundava as escolas, itão lutava contra o tráfico internacional de escravos e o imperialismo, traduzindo partes da Bíblia para as línguas de remo e mpongve, estabelecendo as bases para o surgimento do cristianismo africano indígena. A sua odisseia não deixou de ser desafiadora, porque enfrentaram a dura realidade do clima da região, doenças, conflitos. Apesar desses obstáculos, eles persistiram, movidos por sua profunda fé e visão moral. No entanto, à medida que a Guerra Civil se aproximava, eles se romperam entre os anos de luta contra a escravidão e o apelo sedutor de sua terra natal do sul.
Nei fiumi d'acqua: l'odissea atlantica del Novecento, all'inizio del novembre 1834, una giovane coppia aristocratica di Savannah e Carolina del Sud, ighton e Jane Wilson, partì da New York per una strana odissea di diciassette anni lungo la costa esotica dell'Africa occidentale. Il loro viaggio li ha condotti attraverso diversi paesaggi, popoli e culture, e hanno incontrato le persone sulle loro odissee, tra cui Paul Sansei, ex schiavo di Savannah, Mvoreh Ma, brillante leader di Greco, e la sua splendida figlia Mary Cleland a Cape Palmas, e re Glass e il saggio e comico Toko in Gabon. I Wilson liberarono i loro schiavi ereditati e furono determinati a diventare i missionari americani più potenti dell'Africa occidentale nella prima metà del Novecento. Mentre Jane fondava le scuole, ighton combatteva contro la tratta internazionale degli schiavi e l'imperialismo, traducendo parti della Bibbia nelle lingue del greco e del mpongwe, ponendo le basi per la nascita del cristianesimo africano indigeno. La loro odissea non ha avuto problemi, perché hanno affrontato le dure realtà climatiche della regione, le malattie, i conflitti. Nonostante questi ostacoli, essi perseveravano, guidati dalla loro profonda fede e visione morale. Ma mentre la Guerra Civile si avvicina, si sono rivelati lacerati tra gli anni della lotta contro la schiavitù e l'appello seducente della loro patria meridionale.
An den Flüssen des Wassers: eine atlantische Odyssee des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts Anfang November 1834 begab sich ein aristokratisches junges Paar aus Savannah und South Carolina, Layton und Jane Wilson, von New York auf eine seltsame 17-jährige Odyssee entlang der exotischen Küste Westafrikas. Ihre Reise führte sie durch verschiedene Landschaften, Völker und Kulturen, und sie trafen Menschen auf ihren eigenen Odysseen, darunter Paul Sansay, ein ehemaliger Sklave aus Savannah, Mvoreh Ma, ein brillanter Anführer von Grebo, und seine schöne Tochter Mary Cleeland am Kap Palmas, und König Glass und der weise und humorvolle Toko in Gabun. Die Wilsons befreiten ihre geerbten Sklaven und waren entschlossen, in der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts die einflussreichsten amerikanischen Missionare in Westafrika zu werden. Während Jane Schulen gründete, kämpfte Layton gegen internationalen Sklavenhandel und Imperialismus, übersetzte Teile der Bibel in die Sprachen Grebo und Mpongwe und legte damit den Grundstein für die Entstehung des indigenen afrikanischen Christentums. Ihre Odyssee war nicht ohne Herausforderungen, da sie mit den rauen Realitäten des Klimas der Region, Krankheiten und Konflikten konfrontiert waren. Trotz dieser Hindernisse hielten sie durch, angetrieben von ihrem tiefen Glauben und ihrer moralischen Vision. Als sich der Bürgerkrieg näherte, gerieten sie jedoch zwischen den Jahren des Kampfes gegen die Sklaverei und dem verführerischen Ruf ihrer südlichen Heimat.
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Su Nehirleri Tarafından: On Dokuzuncu Yüzyıl Atlantik Odyssey 1834 Kasım ayının başlarında, Savannah ve Güney Carolina, ighton ve Jane Wilson'dan aristokrat bir genç çift, New York'tan egzotik Batı Afrika kıyı şeridi boyunca on yedi yıllık garip bir yolculuğa çıktı. Yolculukları onları çeşitli manzaralara, halklara ve kültürlere götürdü ve Savannah'dan eski bir köle olan Paul Sansay, parlak bir Grebo lideri olan Mworeh Ma ve Cape Palmas'taki güzel kızı Mary Cleland ve King Glass da dahil olmak üzere kendi odyssey'lerinde insanlarla tanıştılar. ve Gabon'daki bilge ve mizahi Toko. Wilsonlar, miras kalan kölelerini serbest bıraktılar ve on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ilk yarısında Batı Afrika'daki en etkili Amerikan misyonerleri olmaya karar verdiler. Jane okulları kurarken, Layton uluslararası köle ticaretine ve emperyalizme karşı savaştı, İncil'in bazı kısımlarını Grebo ve Mpongwe dillerine çevirerek yerli Afrika Hristiyanlığının ortaya çıkmasına zemin hazırladı. Odyssey, bölgenin ikliminin, hastalıklarının, çatışmalarının sert gerçekleriyle karşı karşıya kaldıkları için zorluklardan yoksun değildi. Bu engellere rağmen, derin inançları ve ahlaki vizyonlarıyla sebat ettiler. Ancak İç Savaş yaklaşırken, kendilerini yıllarca süren kölelikle mücadele ve güney anavatanlarının baştan çıkarıcı çekiciliği arasında parçalanmış buldular.
By the Rivers of Water: A Atlantic Odyssey من القرن التاسع عشر في أوائل نوفمبر 1834، انطلق زوجان شابان أرستقراطيان من سافانا وساوث كارولينا، لايتون وجين ويلسون، من نيويورك في رحلة غريبة استمرت سبعة عشر عامًا على طول الرحلة الغريبة ساحل غرب أفريقيا. أخذتهم رحلتهم عبر مناظر طبيعية وشعوب وثقافات مختلفة، والتقوا بأشخاص في ملحمتهم الخاصة، بما في ذلك بول سانسي، العبد السابق من سافانا، وموريه ما، زعيم جريبو اللامع، وابنته الجميلة ماري كليلاند في كيب بالماس، والملك جلاس والحكماء والفكاهة توكو في الغابون. حرر آل ويلسون عبيدهم الموروثين وكانوا مصممين على أن يصبحوا أكثر المبشرين الأمريكيين تأثيرًا في غرب إفريقيا في النصف الأول من القرن التاسع عشر. بينما أسست جين المدارس، حارب لايتون تجارة الرقيق الدولية والإمبريالية، وترجم أجزاء من الكتاب المقدس إلى لغتي جريبو ومبونغوي، ووضع الأساس لظهور المسيحية الأفريقية الأصلية. لم تكن ملحمتهم خالية من التحديات، حيث واجهوا الحقائق القاسية لمناخ المنطقة وأمراضها وصراعاتها. على الرغم من هذه العقبات، فقد ثابروا مدفوعين بإيمانهم العميق ورؤيتهم الأخلاقية. ومع اقتراب الحرب الأهلية، وجدوا أنفسهم ممزقين بين سنوات محاربة العبودية والجاذبية المغرية لوطنهم الجنوبي.

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