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Corporate Conquests: Business, the State, and the Origins of Ethnic Inequality in Southwest China - C. Patterson Giersch April 7, 2020 PDF  BOOKS
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Corporate Conquests: Business, the State, and the Origins of Ethnic Inequality in Southwest China
Author: C. Patterson Giersch
Year: April 7, 2020
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 9.6 MB
Language: English



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Long detailed description of the plot: In "Corporate Conquests: Business, the State, and the Origins of Ethnic Inequality in Southwest China C. Patterson Giersch offers a groundbreaking examination of the origins of ethnic inequality in rural, largely minority regions of China's southwest. By tracing the disempowerment of minority communities to the very beginnings of China's modern development, the book challenges conventional understandings that attribute such inequality to geography, access to resources, and recent political developments. Instead, Giersch focuses on the emergence of private and state corporations in Yunnan Province during the late 1800s and early 1900s, revealing how entrepreneurs expanded their businesses throughout the Southwest and into Tibet, Southeast Asia, and eastern China, bringing wealth and cosmopolitan lifestyles to their hometowns while simultaneously contributing to the disenfranchisement of indigenous minority communities. The book highlights how the creation of state-run corporations further concentrated resources in the hands of outsiders, exacerbating ethnic disparities.
Long detailed description of the plot: In «Corporate Conquests: Business, the State, and the Origins of Ethnic Inequality in Southwest China» C. Patterson Giersch предлагает новаторское исследование происхождения этнического неравенства в сельских, в основном, районах меньшинств на юго-западе Китая. Прослеживая бесправие общин меньшинств до самых истоков современного развития Китая, книга бросает вызов общепринятому пониманию, которое объясняет такое неравенство географией, доступом к ресурсам и недавними политическими событиями. Вместо этого Гирш фокусируется на появлении частных и государственных корпораций в провинции Юньнань в конце 1800-х и начале 1900-х годов, показывая, как предприниматели расширили свой бизнес по всему Юго-Западу и в Тибете, Юго-Восточной Азии и Восточном Китае, принося богатство и космополитический образ жизни в свои родные города, одновременно внося вклад в лишение гражданских прав общин коренных меньшинств. В книге подчеркивается, как создание государственных корпораций еще больше сконцентрировало ресурсы в руках посторонних, усугубляя этническое неравенство.
Long detailed description of the plot : In « Corporate Conquests : Business, the State, and the Origins of Ethnic Inequality in Southwest China » C. Patterson Giersch propose une étude novatrice de l'origine des inégalités ethniques dans les zones rurales, principalement, minorités dans le sud-ouest de la Chine. En observant le dénuement des communautés minoritaires jusqu'aux origines du développement moderne de la Chine, le livre remet en question la compréhension universelle qui explique ces inégalités par la géographie, l'accès aux ressources et les événements politiques récents. Au lieu de cela, Girsch se concentre sur l'émergence de sociétés privées et publiques dans la province du Yunnan à la fin des années 1800 et au début des années 1900, montrant comment les entrepreneurs ont élargi leurs entreprises dans tout le Sud-Ouest et au Tibet, en Asie du Sud-Est et en Chine orientale, apportant richesse et mode de vie cosmopolite à leurs villes d'origine, tout en contribuant à priver les communautés de leurs droits civiques les minorités autochtones. livre souligne comment la création de sociétés publiques a concentré davantage les ressources entre les mains d'étrangers, aggravant les inégalités ethniques.
Larga descripción detallada de la placa: En «Concursos corporativos: Negocios, el Estado, y los orígenes de la inequidad ética en el suroeste de China» C. Patterson Giersch ofrece un estudio pionero sobre el origen de las desigualdades étnicas en zonas rurales, principalmente minoritarias, en el suroeste de China. Trazando el desposeimiento de las comunidades minoritarias hasta los orígenes del desarrollo moderno de China, el libro desafía la comprensión generalmente aceptada que explica tales desigualdades por la geografía, el acceso a los recursos y los recientes acontecimientos políticos. En cambio, Girsch se centra en el surgimiento de corporaciones privadas y públicas en la provincia de Yunnan a finales de 1800 y principios de 1900, mostrando cómo los empresarios expandieron sus negocios por el suroeste y en el Tíbet, el sudeste asiático y el este de China, trayendo riqueza y estilo de vida cosmopolita a sus ciudades de origen, al mismo tiempo contribuyendo a la privación de los derechos civiles de las comunidades indígenas minoritarias. libro destaca cómo la creación de corporaciones públicas ha concentrado aún más los recursos en manos de forasteros, agravando las desigualdades étnicas.
Longa descrição detailed of the plot: In «Corporate Convents: Business, the State, and the Origins of Ethnic Inequality in Southwest China» C. Patterson Giersch propõe uma pesquisa inovadora sobre a origem da desigualdade étnica em áreas rurais, principalmente, áreas Minorias no sudoeste da China. Ao traçar a falta de poder das comunidades minoritárias até as origens do desenvolvimento moderno da China, o livro desafia a compreensão convencional que explica essa desigualdade de geografia, acesso a recursos e eventos políticos recentes. Em vez disso, Girsch se concentra no surgimento de empresas privadas e públicas na província de Yunnan no final dos anos 1800 e início de 1900, mostrando como os empresários expandiram seus negócios em todo o Sudoeste e no Tibete, no Sudeste Asiático e na China Oriental, trazendo riqueza e estilo de vida cosmopolita para suas cidades nativas, enquanto contribuía para a privação dos direitos civis das comunidades minoritárias indígenas. O livro enfatiza como a criação de corporações estatais concentrou ainda mais recursos nas mãos de estranhos, agravando a desigualdade étnica.
Long detailed descrizione of the plot: In Corporate Convents: Business, the State, and the Origins of Ethnic Inequality in Southwest China, C. Patterson Giersch offre una ricerca innovativa sull'origine delle disuguaglianze etniche nelle aree rurali, soprattutto minoranze nel sud-ovest della Cina. Tracciando l'abbandono delle comunità minoritarie fino all'origine dello sviluppo moderno della Cina, il libro sfida la comprensione universale che spiega queste disuguaglianze con geografia, accesso alle risorse e recenti sviluppi politici. Al contrario, Girsch si concentra sulla nascita di aziende pubbliche e private nella provincia dello Yunnan alla fine del 1800 e all'inizio del 1900, mostrando come gli imprenditori abbiano ampliato le loro attività in tutto il Sud-Ovest e in Tibet, Asia sudorientale e Cina orientale, portando ricchezza e stile di vita cosmopolita nelle loro città d'origine, contribuendo allo stesso tempo alla privazione dei diritti civili delle comunità minoritarie indigene. Il libro sottolinea come la creazione di aziende statali abbia concentrato ulteriormente le risorse nelle mani di estranei, aggravando le disuguaglianze etniche.
Ausführliche Beschreibung des Standortes: In „Corporate Conquests: Business, the State, and the Origins of Ethnic Inequality in Southwest China“ bietet C. Patterson Giersch eine bahnbrechende Studie über die Ursprünge ethnischer Ungleichheit in ländlichen, meist Minderheitengebieten im Südwesten Chinas. Indem das Buch die Entrechtung von Minderheitengemeinschaften bis in die Anfänge der modernen Entwicklung Chinas zurückverfolgt, stellt es das konventionelle Verständnis in Frage, das solche Ungleichheiten durch Geographie, Zugang zu Ressourcen und jüngste politische Entwicklungen erklärt. Stattdessen konzentriert sich Giersch auf die Entstehung privater und öffentlicher Unternehmen in der Provinz Yunnan in den späten 1800er und frühen 1900er Jahren und zeigt, wie Unternehmer ihr Geschäft im Südwesten und in Tibet, Südostasien und Ostchina ausdehnten, Reichtum und einen kosmopolitischen bensstil in ihre Heimatstädte brachten und gleichzeitig zur Entrechtung indigener Minderheitengemeinschaften beitrugen. Das Buch hebt hervor, wie die Gründung staatlicher Unternehmen die Ressourcen in den Händen von Außenstehenden weiter konzentriert und die ethnische Ungleichheit verschärft hat.
תיאור מפורט של העלילה: ב ”כיבוש תאגידי: עסקים, המדינה ומקורות האי ־ שוויון האתני בדרום ־ מערב סין”, מציע פטרסון גירש מחקר פורץ ־ דרך על מקורותיו של אי ־ שוויון אתני בכפרים, בעיקר באזורי מיעוטים בדרום ־ מערב סין. הספר מאתגר את ההבנה המקובלת המסבירה חוסר שוויון כזה באמצעות גאוגרפיה, גישה למשאבים ואירועים פוליטיים חדשים. הירש מתמקד במקום זאת בהופעתם של תאגידים פרטיים וציבוריים בפרובינציית יונאן בסוף המאה ה-19 ובתחילת המאה ה-19, ומראה כיצד יזמים הרחיבו את עסקיהם ברחבי דרום-מערב טיבט, דרום-מזרח אסיה ומזרח סין, הספר מדגיש כיצד הקמת תאגידים ציבוריים ריכזה משאבים נוספים בידיהם של אנשים מבחוץ, והחריפה את חוסר השיוויון האתני.''
Komplonun uzun ve detaylı açıklaması: "Corporate Conquests: Business, the State, and the Origins of Ethnic Inequality in Southwest China" (Kurumsal Fetihler: Güneybatı Çin'de İş Dünyası, Devlet ve Etnik Eşitsizliğin Kökenleri) adlı kitapta C. Patterson Giersch, güneybatı Çin'in kırsal, çoğunlukla azınlık bölgelerindeki etnik eşitsizliğin kökenleri üzerine çığır açan bir araştırma sunuyor. Azınlık topluluklarının hak mahrumiyetini Çin'in modern gelişiminin başlangıcına kadar takip eden kitap, bu tür eşitsizlikleri coğrafya, kaynaklara erişim ve son siyasi olaylar yoluyla açıklayan geleneksel anlayışa meydan okuyor. Hirsch, bunun yerine, 1800'lerin sonlarında ve 1900'lerin başlarında Yunnan Eyaletinde özel ve kamu şirketlerinin ortaya çıkmasına odaklanarak, girişimcilerin Güneybatı ve Tibet, Güneydoğu Asya ve Doğu Çin'de işlerini nasıl genişlettiklerini, zenginlik ve kozmopolit yaşam tarzlarını memleketlerine getirirken yerli azınlık topluluklarının haklarından mahrum edilmesine katkıda bulunduklarını gösteriyor. Kitap, kamu şirketlerinin yaratılmasının, kaynakları yabancıların elinde nasıl daha da yoğunlaştırdığını ve etnik eşitsizlikleri şiddetlendirdiğini vurgulamaktadır.
وصف مفصل طويل للمؤامرة: في «غزوات الشركات: الأعمال والدولة وأصول عدم المساواة العرقية في جنوب غرب الصين» يقدم سي باترسون جيرش بحثًا رائدًا حول أصول عدم المساواة العرقية في المناطق الريفية، ومعظمها مناطق الأقليات في جنوب غرب الصين. من خلال تتبع حرمان مجتمعات الأقليات من حق التصويت إلى بدايات التنمية الحديثة في الصين، يتحدى الكتاب الفهم التقليدي الذي يفسر مثل هذه التفاوتات من خلال الجغرافيا والوصول إلى الموارد والأحداث السياسية الأخيرة. يركز هيرش بدلاً من ذلك على ظهور الشركات الخاصة والعامة في مقاطعة يونان في أواخر القرن التاسع عشر وأوائل القرن العشرين، مما يوضح كيف وسع رواد الأعمال أعمالهم في جميع أنحاء الجنوب الغربي وفي التبت وجنوب شرق آسيا وشرق الصين، مما جلب الثروة وأنماط الحياة العالمية إلى مسقط رأسهم مع المساهمة في وحرمان مجتمعات الأقليات الأصلية من حق التصويت. يسلط الكتاب الضوء على كيف أدى إنشاء الشركات العامة إلى زيادة تركيز الموارد في أيدي الغرباء، مما أدى إلى تفاقم عدم المساواة العرقية.
줄거리에 대한 긴 자세한 설명: "기업 정복: 중국 남서부의 민족 불평등의 기원" C. Patterson Giersch는 중국 남서부의 소수 민족 지역에서 민족 불평등의 기원에 대한 획기적인 연구를 제공합니다. 중국의 현대 발전이 시작될 때까지 소수 민족 공동체의 탈퇴를 추적하면서이 책은 지리, 자원 접근 및 최근의 정치적 사건을 통해 그러한 불평등을 설명하는 기존의 이해에 도전한다. 허쉬는 1800 년대 후반과 1900 년대 초 윈난성에서 민간 및 공공 기업의 출현에 중점을 두어 기업가들이 남서부와 티베트, 동남아시아 및 중국에서 사업을 확장하여 부와 국제적 생활 양식을 고향으로 가져 오는 방법을 보여줍니다. 토착 소수 민족 공동체제. 이 책은 공공 기업의 설립이 어떻게 외부인의 손에 자원을 집중시켜 인종적 불평등을 악화 시켰는지 강조합니다.
地盤的詳細描述:在「企業構想:西南華人的商業,州和民族精神的起源」C. Patterson Giersch提供了開創性的研究,研究了農村地區,主要是少數民族地區的種族不平等起源。在中國西南部。該書將少數民族社區的被剝奪權利追溯到中國現代發展的最起源,挑戰了普遍接受的理解,即將這種不平等歸因於地理,獲得資源和最近的政治發展。相反,吉希(Girsch)專註於1800代末和1900代初雲南省私人和公共公司的出現,展示了企業家如何將業務擴展到整個西南以及西藏,東南亞和中國東部,為他們的家鄉帶來財富和國際化的生活方式,同時為剝奪土著少數民族社區的公民權利做出了貢獻。該書強調了國有公司的成立如何進一步將資源集中在局外人手中,加劇了種族不平等。

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