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Boko Haram: The History of an African Jihadist Movement (Princeton Studies in Muslim Politics, 65) - Alexander Thurston November 14, 2017 PDF  BOOKS
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Boko Haram: The History of an African Jihadist Movement (Princeton Studies in Muslim Politics, 65)
Author: Alexander Thurston
Year: November 14, 2017
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 1.9 MB
Language: English



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Boko Haram: The History of an African Jihadist Movement Introduction: Boko Haram, one of the deadliest jihadist groups in the world, has wreaked havoc in West Africa since its inception in the early 20000s. With over twenty thousand lives lost and two million displaced, this terrorist organization has left a trail of destruction in its wake. In this comprehensive history, we delve into the evolution of Boko Haram, from its humble beginnings to its most infamous acts of violence, including the 2014 kidnapping of 276 Nigerian schoolgirls. Chapter 1: Origins and Evolution Boko Haram's origins can be traced back to the early 20000s, when a group of Islamic clerics in Nigeria began preaching a radical form of Islam that emphasized the need for a strict adherence to Sharia law. This ideology resonated with many young Muslims in the region, who were disillusioned with the corrupt and ineffective government of Nigeria.
Боко Харам: История африканского джихадистского движения Введение: Боко Харам, одна из самых смертоносных джихадистских группировок в мире, нанесла ущерб Западной Африке с момента ее создания в начале 2000-х годов. С более чем двадцатью тысячами погибших и двумя миллионами перемещенных лиц, эта террористическая организация оставила след разрушения после себя. В этой всеобъемлющей истории мы углубляемся в эволюцию Боко Харам, от ее скромных истоков до самых позорных актов насилия, включая похищение в 2014 году 276 нигерийских школьниц. Глава 1: Происхождение и эволюция Истоки «Боко Харам» можно проследить с начала 2000-х годов, когда группа исламских священнослужителей в Нигерии начала проповедовать радикальную форму ислама, в которой подчеркивалась необходимость строгого соблюдения законов шариата. Эта идеология нашла отклик у многих молодых мусульман региона, которые разочаровались в коррумпированном и неэффективном правительстве Нигерии.
Boko Haram : L'histoire du mouvement djihadiste africain Introduction : Boko Haram, l'un des groupes jihadistes les plus meurtriers au monde, a fait des ravages en Afrique de l'Ouest depuis sa création au début des années 2000. Avec plus de 20 000 morts et deux millions de personnes déplacées, cette organisation terroriste a laissé derrière elle une trace de destruction. Dans cette histoire globale, nous sommes en train d'approfondir l'évolution de Boko Haram, de ses origines modestes aux actes de violence les plus honteux, y compris l'enlèvement de 276 lycéennes nigérianes en 2014. Chapitre 1 : Origines et évolution s origines de Boko Haram remontent au début des années 2000, quand un groupe de prêtres islamiques du Nigeria a commencé à prêcher une forme radicale d'islam qui soulignait la nécessité de respecter strictement la charia. Cette idéologie résonne chez de nombreux jeunes musulmans de la région, déçus par la corruption et l'inefficacité du gouvernement nigérian.
Boko Haram: Historia del movimiento yihadista africano Introducción: Boko Haram, uno de los grupos yihadistas más mortíferos del mundo, ha dañado África Occidental desde su creación a principios de la década de 2000. Con más de veinte mil muertos y dos millones de desplazados, esta organización terrorista ha dejado un rastro de destrucción a su paso. En esta amplia historia, profundizamos en la evolución de Boko Haram, desde sus orígenes humildes hasta los actos de violencia más vergonzosos, incluido el secuestro en 2014 de 276 escolares nigerianas. Capítulo 1: Origen y evolución orígenes de Boko Haram se remontan a principios de la década de 2000, cuando un grupo de clérigos islámicos en Nigeria comenzó a predicar una forma radical del Islam que enfatizaba la necesidad de una estricta observancia de la sharia. Esta ideología resonó en muchos jóvenes musulmanes de la región que se decepcionaron con el gobierno corrupto e ineficaz de Nigeria.
Boko Haram: A história do movimento jihadista africano Introdução: Boko Haram, um dos grupos jihadistas mais mortíferos do mundo, prejudicou a África Ocidental desde a sua criação no início dos anos 2000. Com mais de 20 mil mortos e dois milhões de deslocados, esta organização terrorista deixou um rasto de destruição. Nesta história abrangente, aprofundamo-nos na evolução do Boko Haram, desde suas origens humildes até os atos mais vergonhosos de violência, incluindo o rapto de 276 estudantes nigerianas em 2014. Capítulo 1: A origem e a evolução da origem do Boko Haram podem ser observadas desde o início dos anos 2000, quando um grupo de clérigos islâmicos na Nigéria começou a pregar a forma radical do Islã, que enfatizou a necessidade de cumprir rigorosamente as leis da sharia. Essa ideologia tem sido uma resposta de muitos jovens muçulmanos da região, que se decepcionaram com o governo corrupto e ineficiente da Nigéria.
Boko Haram: storia del movimento jihadista africano Introduzione: Boko Haram, uno dei gruppi jihadisti più letali al mondo, ha danneggiato l'Africa occidentale dall'inizio degli anni 2000. Con oltre 20.000 morti e due milioni di sfollati, questa organizzazione terroristica ha lasciato una scia di distruzione. In questa storia completa, stiamo approfondendo l'evoluzione di Boko Haram, dalle sue umili origini alle violenze più vergognose, compreso il rapimento di 276 studentesse nigeriane nel 2014. Capitolo 1: L'origine e l'evoluzione dell'origine di Boko Haram possono essere osservate dai primi anni 2000, quando un gruppo di sacerdoti islamici nigeriani ha iniziato a predicare una forma radicale dell'Islam, che ha sottolineato la necessità di una stretta applicazione della sharia. Questa ideologia ha trovato riscontro in molti giovani musulmani della regione, che sono rimasti delusi dal governo corrotto e inefficace della Nigeria.
Boko Haram: Geschichte der afrikanischen Dschihadistenbewegung Einleitung: Boko Haram, eine der tödlichsten Dschihadistengruppen der Welt, hat Westafrika seit seiner Gründung Anfang der 2000er Jahre geschädigt. Mit mehr als zwanzigtausend Toten und zwei Millionen Vertriebenen hat diese Terrororganisation eine Spur der Zerstörung hinterlassen. In dieser umfassenden Geschichte tauchen wir tief in die Entwicklung von Boko Haram ein, von seinen bescheidenen Ursprüngen bis zu den schändlichsten Gewalttaten, einschließlich der Entführung von 276 nigerianischen Schülerinnen im Jahr 2014. Kapitel 1: Ursprung und Entwicklung Die Ursprünge von Boko Haram lassen sich bis in die frühen 2000er Jahre zurückverfolgen, als eine Gruppe islamischer Geistlicher in Nigeria begann, eine radikale Form des Islam zu predigen, die die Notwendigkeit einer strikten Einhaltung der Scharia betonte. Diese Ideologie fand bei vielen jungen Muslimen in der Region Anklang, die von Nigerias korrupter und ineffizienter Regierung desillusioniert waren.
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Boko Haram: Afrika Cihatçı Hareketinin Tarihi Giriş: Dünyanın en ölümcül cihatçı gruplarından biri olan Boko Haram, 2000'li yılların başında kuruluşundan bu yana Batı Afrika'da hasara yol açtı. Yirmi binden fazla ölü ve iki milyondan fazla yerinden edilmiş olan bu terör örgütü, ardında bir yıkım izi bıraktı. Bu kapsamlı hikayede, Boko Haram'ın mütevazi kökenlerinden, 2014 yılında 276 Nijeryalı kız öğrencinin kaçırılması da dahil olmak üzere en utanç verici şiddet eylemlerine kadar olan evrimini inceliyoruz. Bölüm 1: Köken ve Evrim Boko Haram'ın kökenleri, Nijerya'daki bir grup İslami din adamının Şeriat yasasının sıkı bir şekilde uygulanması gereğini vurgulayan radikal bir İslam biçimini vaaz etmeye başladığı 2000'li yılların başlarına kadar izlenebilir. Bu ideoloji, Nijerya'nın yozlaşmış ve verimsiz hükümetiyle hayal kırıklığına uğrayan bölgedeki genç Müslümanların çoğunda yankı buldu.
بوكو حرام: تاريخ الحركة الجهادية الأفريقية مقدمة: أحدثت بوكو حرام، إحدى أكثر الجماعات الجهادية دموية في العالم، فوضى في غرب إفريقيا منذ إنشائها في أوائل العقد الأول من القرن الحادي والعشرين. مع أكثر من عشرين ألف قتيل ومليوني نازح، تركت هذه المنظمة الإرهابية أثرا من الدمار في أعقابها. في هذه القصة الشاملة، نتعمق في تطور بوكو حرام، من أصولها المتواضعة إلى أكثر أعمال العنف المخزية، بما في ذلك اختطاف 276 تلميذة نيجيرية عام 2014. الفصل 1: الأصل والتطور يمكن إرجاع أصول بوكو حرام إلى أوائل العقد الأول من القرن الحادي والعشرين، عندما بدأت مجموعة من رجال الدين الإسلاميين في نيجيريا في الدعوة إلى شكل راديكالي من الإسلام أكد على الحاجة إلى التطبيق الصارم للشريعة الإسلامية. كان لهذه الأيديولوجية صدى لدى العديد من الشباب المسلمين في المنطقة، الذين أصيبوا بخيبة أمل من حكومة نيجيريا الفاسدة وغير الفعالة.

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