BOOKS - Paradise for Sale: A Parable of Nature
Paradise for Sale: A Parable of Nature - Carl N. McDaniel December 1, 1999 PDF  BOOKS
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Paradise for Sale: A Parable of Nature
Author: Carl N. McDaniel
Year: December 1, 1999
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 7.4 MB
Language: English



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The book is written by two Australians who have studied the history of Nauru and its people. Paradise for Sale: A Parable of Nature The small Pacific Island of Nauru, nestled halfway between Hawaii and Australia, has a grim history that serves as a microcosm of environmental degradation and economic dysfunction. For over 200 years, the native inhabitants lived in social and ecological stability, but the discovery of phosphate, a crucial resource for agriculture, in 1900 brought about devastating changes. Colonial imperialists exploited the island's resources, leaving behind a trail of destruction and forever altering the lives of its people. In 1968, Nauru regained independence, but faced a difficult decision: pursue a sustainable future that protected their valuable natural resources or mine and sell the remaining forty-year supply of phosphate, sacrificing their home's integrity. They chose the latter, and soon became one of the richest nations in the world, but also acquired the ills of modern life - obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension. As the island was mined to ruin, its biological communities became severely impoverished, rendering them of little value for human habitation.
Книга написана двумя австралийцами, которые изучали историю Науру и его народа. Маленький тихоокеанский остров Науру, расположенный на полпути между Гавайями и Австралией, имеет мрачную историю, которая служит микрокосмом деградации окружающей среды и экономической дисфункции. Более 200 лет коренные жители жили в социальной и экологической стабильности, но открытие фосфата, важнейшего ресурса для сельского хозяйства, в 1900 году привело к разрушительным изменениям. Колониальные империалисты эксплуатировали ресурсы острова, оставляя след разрушения и навсегда изменяя жизнь его народа. В 1968 году Науру вернул себе независимость, но столкнулся с трудным решением: добиваться устойчивого будущего, которое защищало их ценные природные ресурсы или добывать и продавать оставшиеся сорокалетние запасы фосфатов, жертвуя целостностью своего дома. Они выбрали второе, и вскоре стали одной из богатейших наций мира, но и приобрели болезни современной жизни - ожирение, диабет, болезни сердца, гипертонию. Поскольку остров был добыт до разорения, его биологические сообщества сильно обнищали, что делало их малоценными для человеческого жилья.
livre est écrit par deux Australiens qui ont étudié l'histoire de Nauru et de son peuple. La petite île du Pacifique de Nauru, située à mi-chemin entre Hawaï et l'Australie, a une sombre histoire qui sert de microcosme à la dégradation de l'environnement et au dysfonctionnement économique. Pendant plus de 200 ans, les autochtones ont vécu dans la stabilité sociale et écologique, mais la découverte du phosphate, une ressource essentielle pour l'agriculture, en 1900, a entraîné des changements dévastateurs. s impérialistes coloniaux ont exploité les ressources de l'île, laissant une trace de destruction et changeant pour toujours la vie de son peuple. En 1968, Nauru a retrouvé son indépendance, mais a dû faire face à une décision difficile : chercher un avenir durable qui protège leurs précieuses ressources naturelles ou extraire et vendre les 40 dernières années de réserves de phosphate, sacrifiant l'intégrité de sa maison. Ils ont choisi la deuxième, et sont rapidement devenus l'une des nations les plus riches du monde, mais ils ont également acquis des maladies de la vie moderne - obésité, diabète, maladies cardiaques, hypertension. Comme l'île a été exploitée avant la ruine, ses communautés biologiques sont très pauvres, ce qui les rend peu précieuses pour le logement humain.
libro está escrito por dos australianos que estudiaron la historia de Nauru y su pueblo. La pequeña isla del Pacífico de Nauru, situada a medio camino entre Hawái y Australia, tiene una historia sombría que sirve como microcosmos de degradación ambiental y disfunción económica. Durante más de 200 , los indígenas vivieron en estabilidad social y ambiental, pero el descubrimiento del fosfato, un recurso esencial para la agricultura, en 1900 produjo cambios devastadores. imperialistas coloniales explotaron los recursos de la isla, dejando un rastro de destrucción y cambiando para siempre la vida de su pueblo. En 1968, Nauru recuperó su independencia, pero se enfrentó a una difícil decisión: buscar un futuro sostenible que protegiera sus valiosos recursos naturales o extraer y vender las restantes reservas de fosfatos de cuarenta , sacrificando la integridad de su hogar. Eligieron la segunda, y pronto se convirtieron en una de las naciones más ricas del mundo, pero también adquirieron enfermedades de la vida moderna: obesidad, diabetes, enfermedades cardíacas, hipertensión. Debido a que la isla fue extraída antes de la ruina, sus comunidades biológicas se empobrecían enormemente, lo que las hacía de poco valor para la vivienda humana.
Il libro è scritto da due australiani che hanno studiato la storia di Nauru e della sua gente. La piccola isola del Pacifico di Nauru, a metà strada tra le Hawaii e l'Australia, ha una storia oscura che funge da microcosmo di degrado ambientale e disfunzione economica. Per oltre 200 anni i nativi hanno vissuto nella stabilità sociale e ambientale, ma la scoperta del fosfato, una risorsa fondamentale per l'agricoltura, nel 1900 ha portato a cambiamenti devastanti. Gli imperialisti coloniali hanno sfruttato le risorse dell'isola, lasciando un segno di distruzione e alterando per sempre la vita del suo popolo. Nel 1968 Nauru riconquistò la sua indipendenza, ma affrontò una difficile decisione: raggiungere un futuro sostenibile che proteggesse le loro preziose risorse naturali, o estrarre e vendere le rimanenti riserve di fosfati quarantenni, sacrificando l'integrità della propria casa. Scelsero la seconda, e presto divennero una delle nazioni più ricche del mondo, ma acquisirono anche le malattie della vita moderna - obesità, diabete, malattie cardiache, ipertensione. Dal momento che l'isola è stata recuperata prima della rovina, le sue comunità biologiche sono appesantite, rendendole poco apprezzabili per le abitazioni umane.
Das Buch wurde von zwei Australiern geschrieben, die die Geschichte von Nauru und seinem Volk studierten. Die kleine Pazifikinsel Nauru, auf halbem Weg zwischen Hawaii und Australien gelegen, hat eine dunkle Geschichte, die als Mikrokosmos der Umweltzerstörung und der wirtschaftlichen Dysfunktion dient. Mehr als 200 Jahre lang lebten die Ureinwohner in sozialer und ökologischer Stabilität, aber die Entdeckung von Phosphat, der wichtigsten Ressource für die Landwirtschaft, im Jahr 1900 führte zu verheerenden Veränderungen. Die kolonialen Imperialisten nutzten die Ressourcen der Insel aus, hinterließen eine Spur der Zerstörung und veränderten das ben ihres Volkes für immer. 1968 erlangte Nauru seine Unabhängigkeit zurück, stand aber vor einer schwierigen Entscheidung: eine nachhaltige Zukunft zu verfolgen, die ihre wertvollen natürlichen Ressourcen schützte, oder die verbleibenden vierzig Jahre Phosphatreserven abzubauen und zu verkaufen und die Integrität ihres Hauses zu opfern. e wählten das zweite und wurden bald eine der reichsten Nationen der Welt, erwarben aber auch die Krankheiten des modernen bens - Fettleibigkeit, Diabetes, Herzkrankheiten, Bluthochdruck. Da die Insel vor dem Ruin abgebaut wurde, verarmten ihre biologischen Gemeinschaften stark, was sie für den menschlichen bensraum von geringem Wert machte.
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Kitap, Nauru ve halkının tarihini inceleyen iki Avustralyalı tarafından yazılmıştır. Hawaii ve Avustralya arasındaki küçük Pasifik adası Nauru, çevresel bozulma ve ekonomik işlev bozukluğunun bir mikro kozmosuna hizmet eden karanlık bir tarihe sahiptir. 200 yıldan fazla bir süredir, yerli halk sosyal ve ekolojik istikrar içinde yaşadı, ancak 1900'de tarım için çok önemli bir kaynak olan fosfatın keşfi yıkıcı değişikliklere yol açtı. Sömürgeci emperyalistler adanın kaynaklarını sömürerek bir yıkım izi bıraktı ve halkının hayatını sonsuza dek değiştirdi. 1968'de Nauru bağımsızlığını yeniden kazandı, ancak zor bir kararla karşı karşıya kaldı: Değerli doğal kaynaklarını veya madenlerini koruyan ve kalan kırk yıllık fosfat rezervlerini satarak evlerinin bütünlüğünü feda eden sürdürülebilir bir gelecek sürdürmek. İkincisini seçtiler ve kısa sürede dünyanın en zengin ülkelerinden biri oldular, aynı zamanda modern yaşamın hastalıklarını da edindiler - obezite, diyabet, kalp hastalığı, hipertansiyon. Adanın harap olması için mayınlandığından, biyolojik toplulukları büyük ölçüde yoksullaştırıldı, bu da onları insan yerleşimi için çok az değerli hale getirdi.
كتب الكتاب أستراليان درسا تاريخ ناورو وشعبها. جزيرة ناورو الصغيرة في المحيط الهادئ، في منتصف الطريق بين هاواي وأستراليا، لها تاريخ مظلم يعمل كنموذج مصغر للتدهور البيئي والخلل الاقتصادي. لأكثر من 200 عام، عاش السكان الأصليون في استقرار اجتماعي وإيكولوجي، لكن اكتشاف الفوسفات، وهو مورد مهم للزراعة، في عام 1900 أدى إلى تغييرات مدمرة. استغل الإمبرياليون الاستعماريون موارد الجزيرة، تاركين أثرًا من الدمار وغيروا حياة شعبها إلى الأبد. في عام 1968، استعادت ناورو استقلالها، لكنها واجهت قرارًا صعبًا: السعي وراء مستقبل مستدام يحمي مواردها الطبيعية القيمة أو منجمها وبيع الأربعين عامًا المتبقية من احتياطيات الفوسفات، والتضحية بسلامة منزلها. اختاروا هذا الأخير، وسرعان ما أصبحوا واحدة من أغنى الدول في العالم، لكنهم اكتسبوا أيضًا أمراضًا في الحياة الحديثة - السمنة والسكري وأمراض القلب وارتفاع ضغط الدم. منذ أن تم تعدين الجزيرة لتدميرها، كانت مجتمعاتها البيولوجية فقيرة للغاية، مما جعلها قليلة القيمة لسكن الإنسان.

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