BOOKS - Engineering the Great Wall of China (Building by Design)
Engineering the Great Wall of China (Building by Design) - Yvette La Pierre 2017 PDF Core Library BOOKS
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Engineering the Great Wall of China (Building by Design)
Author: Yvette La Pierre
Year: 2017
Pages: 48
Format: PDF
File size: 24,5 МБ
Language: ENG



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The Great Wall of China is one of the most impressive architectural achievements in history. It stretches over 4,000 miles across China's northern border, from the east coast to the west, and took more than two thousand years to build. The wall was constructed using a variety of materials, including stone, brick, earth, and wood, and it has been continuously modified and expanded upon since its construction began in the seventh century BC. This book explores the engineering and design principles that went into building the Great Wall, examining how the wall's structure and layout were influenced by the political, social, and economic context of the time. The book begins with an overview of the historical context of the Great Wall's construction, discussing the various dynasties that ruled China during this period and their motivations for building the wall. It then delves into the technical aspects of the wall's design, explaining how the wall's height, width, and materials were chosen to meet specific needs and challenges. Finally, the book looks at the impact of the Great Wall on Chinese society and culture, discussing how it has shaped the country's identity and influenced its development over time.
Великая Китайская стена - одно из самых впечатляющих архитектурных достижений в истории. Он простирается более чем на 4000 миль через северную границу Китая, от восточного побережья до западного, и на его строительство ушло более двух тысяч лет. Стена была построена из различных материалов, включая камень, кирпич, землю и дерево, и она постоянно видоизменялась и расширялась с тех пор, как ее строительство началось в седьмом веке до нашей эры. Эта книга исследует инженерные и проектные принципы, которые вошли в строительство Великой стены, исследуя, как структура и планировка стены влияли на политический, социальный и экономический контекст того времени. Книга начинается с обзора исторического контекста строительства Великой стены, обсуждения различных династий, правивших Китаем в этот период, и их мотивации для строительства стены. Затем он углубляется в технические аспекты дизайна стены, объясняя, как высота, ширина и материалы стены были выбраны для удовлетворения конкретных потребностей и проблем. Наконец, в книге рассматривается влияние Великой стены на китайское общество и культуру, обсуждается, как она сформировала идентичность страны и повлияла на ее развитие с течением времени.
La Grande Muraille de Chine est l'une des réalisations architecturales les plus impressionnantes de l'histoire. Il s'étend sur plus de 4 000 kilomètres à travers la frontière nord de la Chine, de la côte est à l'ouest, et il a fallu plus de deux mille ans pour le construire. mur a été construit à partir de divers matériaux, y compris la pierre, la brique, la terre et le bois, et il a été constamment modifié et élargi depuis sa construction a commencé au septième siècle avant JC. Ce livre explore les principes d'ingénierie et de conception qui sont entrés dans la construction de la Grande Muraille, explorant comment la structure et l'aménagement du mur ont influencé le contexte politique, social et économique de l'époque. livre commence par un aperçu du contexte historique de la construction de la Grande Muraille, une discussion sur les différentes dynasties qui ont gouverné la Chine pendant cette période et leurs motivations pour la construction du mur. Il se penche ensuite sur les aspects techniques de la conception du mur, expliquant comment la hauteur, la largeur et les matériaux du mur ont été choisis pour répondre à des besoins et des défis spécifiques. Enfin, le livre examine l'impact de la Grande Muraille sur la société et la culture chinoises, examine comment elle a façonné l'identité du pays et influencé son développement au fil du temps.
La Gran Muralla China es uno de los logros arquitectónicos más impresionantes de la historia. Se extiende más de 4.000 millas a través de la frontera norte de China, desde la costa este hasta la occidental, y ha tardado más de dos mil en construirla. muro fue construido con diversos materiales, incluyendo piedra, ladrillo, tierra y madera, y se ha modificado y ampliado constantemente desde que su construcción comenzó en el siglo VII a. C. Este libro explora los principios de ingeniería y diseño que entraron en la construcción de la Gran Muralla, investigando cómo la estructura y el trazado del muro influyeron en el contexto político, social y económico de la época. libro comienza con una revisión del contexto histórico de la construcción de la Gran Muralla, la discusión de las diferentes dinastías que gobernaron China durante este período y su motivación para construir la muralla. A continuación se profundiza en los aspectos técnicos del diseño de la pared, explicando cómo se ha elegido la altura, anchura y materiales de la pared para satisfacer necesidades y problemas específicos. Finalmente, el libro aborda la influencia de la Gran Muralla en la sociedad y la cultura chinas, discute cómo ha moldeado la identidad del país y ha influido en su desarrollo a lo largo del tiempo.
La Grande Muraglia Cinese è uno dei più impressionanti successi architettonici della storia. estende per oltre 4.000 miglia attraverso il confine settentrionale della Cina, dalla costa orientale a quella occidentale, e ci sono voluti più di duemila anni per costruirlo. La parete è stata costruita con diversi materiali, tra cui pietra, mattoni, terra e legno, ed è costantemente cambiata e espansiva da quando la sua costruzione iniziò nel settimo secolo avanti Cristo. Questo libro esplora i principi ingegneristici e progettuali che sono entrati nella costruzione della Grande Muraglia, esplorando come la struttura e la struttura del muro influenzavano il contesto politico, sociale ed economico dell'epoca. Il libro inizia con una panoramica del contesto storico della costruzione del Grande Muro, la discussione delle varie dinastie che hanno governato la Cina in questo periodo e le loro motivazioni per la costruzione del muro. Poi approfondisce gli aspetti tecnici della parete, spiegando come l'altezza, la larghezza e i materiali della parete sono stati scelti per soddisfare esigenze e problemi specifici. Infine, il libro affronta l'impatto della Grande Muraglia sulla società e la cultura cinese, discutendo di come ha formato l'identità del paese e influenzato il suo sviluppo nel corso del tempo.
Die Chinesische Mauer ist eine der beeindruckendsten architektonischen Errungenschaften der Geschichte. Es erstreckt sich über mehr als 4.000 Meilen über die Nordgrenze Chinas, von der Ostküste bis zur Westküste, und es dauerte mehr als zweitausend Jahre, um es zu bauen. Die Mauer wurde aus verschiedenen Materialien gebaut, darunter Stein, Ziegel, Erde und Holz, und sie wurde seit Beginn ihres Baus im siebten Jahrhundert vor Christus ständig verändert und erweitert. Dieses Buch untersucht die Ingenieur- und Designprinzipien, die in den Bau der Großen Mauer eingeflossen sind, und untersucht, wie die Struktur und das Layout der Mauer den politischen, sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Kontext der Zeit beeinflussten. Das Buch beginnt mit einem Überblick über den historischen Kontext des Baus der Großen Mauer, einer Diskussion über die verschiedenen Dynastien, die China in dieser Zeit regierten, und ihre Motivation für den Bau der Mauer. Anschließend geht er tiefer in die technischen Aspekte des Wanddesigns ein und erklärt, wie die Höhe, Breite und Materialien der Wand ausgewählt wurden, um spezifische Bedürfnisse und Herausforderungen zu erfüllen. Schließlich untersucht das Buch die Auswirkungen der Großen Mauer auf die chinesische Gesellschaft und Kultur und diskutiert, wie sie die Identität des Landes geprägt und seine Entwicklung im Laufe der Zeit beeinflusst hat.
החומה הגדולה של סין הוא אחד ההישגים האדריכליים המרשימים בהיסטוריה. הוא משתרע על פני יותר מ-4,000 ק "מ בגבולה הצפוני של סין, מהחוף המזרחי למערב, ולקח יותר מאלפיים שנה לבנות אותו. החומה נבנתה מחומרים שונים ובהם אבן, לבנים, אדמה ועץ, והיא שונה והורחבה ללא הרף מאז החלה בנייתה במאה השביעית לפני הספירה. ספר זה בוחן את עקרונות ההנדסה והעיצוב שנכנסו לבניית החומה הגדולה, וחוקר כיצד המבנה והפריסה של החומה השפיעו על ההקשר הפוליטי, החברתי והכלכלי של התקופה. הספר מתחיל בסקירת ההקשר ההיסטורי של בניית החומה הגדולה, דן בשושלות השונות ששלטו בסין בתקופה זו, והמניע שלהן לבניית החומה. לאחר מכן הוא מתעמק בהיבטים הטכניים של עיצוב הקיר, ומסביר כיצד הגובה, הרוחב והחומרים של הקיר נבחרו כדי לענות על צרכים ואתגרים ספציפיים. לבסוף, הספר בוחן את השפעתה של החומה הגדולה על החברה והתרבות הסינית, דן כיצד היא עיצבה את זהותה של המדינה והשפיע על התפתחותה לאורך זמן.''
Çin Seddi, tarihteki en etkileyici mimari başarılardan biridir. Çin'in kuzey sınırında, doğu kıyısından batıya doğru 4.000 milden fazla uzanıyor ve inşa edilmesi iki bin yıldan fazla sürdü. Duvar, taş, tuğla, toprak ve ahşap dahil olmak üzere çeşitli malzemelerden inşa edilmiştir ve yapımı M.Ö. yedinci yüzyılda başladığından beri sürekli olarak değiştirilmiş ve genişletilmiştir. Bu kitap, Çin Seddi'nin inşasına giren mühendislik ve tasarım ilkelerini araştırıyor, duvarın yapısının ve düzeninin zamanın politik, sosyal ve ekonomik bağlamını nasıl etkilediğini araştırıyor. Kitap, Çin Seddi'nin inşasının tarihsel bağlamını gözden geçirerek, bu dönemde Çin'i yöneten çeşitli hanedanları ve duvarı inşa etme motivasyonlarını tartışarak başlıyor. Daha sonra duvar tasarımının teknik yönlerini inceleyerek, duvarın yüksekliğinin, genişliğinin ve malzemelerinin belirli ihtiyaçları ve zorlukları karşılamak için nasıl seçildiğini açıklar. Son olarak, kitap Çin Seddi'nin Çin toplumu ve kültürü üzerindeki etkisini inceleyerek, ülkenin kimliğini nasıl şekillendirdiğini ve zaman içindeki gelişimini nasıl etkilediğini tartışıyor.
سور الصين العظيم هو واحد من أكثر الإنجازات المعمارية إثارة للإعجاب في التاريخ. يمتد أكثر من 4000 ميل عبر الحدود الشمالية للصين، من الساحل الشرقي إلى الغرب، واستغرق بناؤه أكثر من ألفي عام. تم بناء الجدار من مواد مختلفة بما في ذلك الحجر والطوب والأرض والخشب، وقد تم تعديله وتوسيعه باستمرار منذ بدء بنائه في القرن السابع قبل الميلاد. يستكشف هذا الكتاب مبادئ الهندسة والتصميم التي دخلت في بناء السور العظيم، ويستكشف كيف أثر هيكل وتصميم الجدار على السياق السياسي والاجتماعي والاقتصادي في ذلك الوقت. يبدأ الكتاب بمراجعة السياق التاريخي لبناء السور العظيم، ومناقشة السلالات المختلفة التي حكمت الصين خلال هذه الفترة، ودوافعها لبناء الجدار. ثم يتعمق في الجوانب الفنية لتصميم الجدار، موضحًا كيف تم اختيار ارتفاع وعرض ومواد الجدار لتلبية الاحتياجات والتحديات المحددة. أخيرًا، يبحث الكتاب في تأثير السور العظيم على المجتمع والثقافة الصينية، ويناقش كيف شكل هوية البلاد وأثر على تنميتها بمرور الوقت.
中國長城是歷史上最令人印象深刻的建築成就之一。它橫跨中國北部邊界,從東海岸延伸到西部,綿延4000多英裏,耗時兩千多建造。這堵墻是用各種材料建造的,包括石頭,磚頭,土地和木材,自公元前7世紀開始建造以來,它一直在不斷變化和擴展。本書探討了進入長城建設的工程和設計原理,探討了隔離墻的結構和布局如何影響當時的政治,社會和經濟背景。這本書首先回顧了修建長城的歷史背景,討論了在此期間統治中國的各個王朝及其建造隔離墻的動機。然後,他深入研究了墻體設計的技術方面,解釋了如何選擇墻體的高度,寬度和材料來滿足特定的需求和挑戰。最後,該書探討了長城對中國社會和文化的影響,討論了長城如何塑造一個國家的身份並隨著時間的推移影響其發展。

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